Major Project presentation on

Automatic Irrigation System Using

Moisture Sensors

Submitted to

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL (M.P)

By
Vipul Kumar Sharma (0882EX121023)
Mohit Sahu (0882EX121003)

Under the guidance of

Mr. Harshit Satya

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG.

SHREEJEE INSTITUTE OF TECH. & MGMT., KHARGONE
 Abstract

In the world of advance electronics, life of human beings should be

simpler hence to make life more simpler and convenient, we have made
“AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM”.

This model of controlling irrigation facilities to help millions of

people. This model uses sensor technology with microcontroller to make
a smart switching device .

The model shows the basic switching mechanism of water motor using
sensors from any part of field by sensing the moisture present in the soil.
 CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
3. WORKING
4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
5. APPLICATION
6. MERITS
7. LIMITATIONS
8. CONCLUSION
9. REFERENCES
 Introduction
In India, the economy is mainly based on agriculture; still we are not
able to make full use of agricultural resources.

This problem can be perfectly rectified if we use automatic micro

controller based drip irrigation system in which the irrigation will take
place only when there will be intense requirement of water.

The study employed and integrated two major systems: hardware

system, and control system.

1. The integrated hardware system consists of power supply system,

microprocessor system, sensing system, pump switching system,
and LCD display system.
2. The control strategy on the other hand is responsible for measures for
operating the irrigation system.
Block Diagram
 Working
 The design of the project consists of two main systems: integrated
hardware system and control strategy.

 From the power supply system ,Two dc power sources were derived
for the operation: 5V for the microcontroller circuit and for the soil sensor
circuit , 12V for operate the relay for switching ac motor.

 In the sensor network , a resistive soil sensor is used, which was

developed using two probes to pass electrical currents into the soil and
reads the response or resistance to get the moisture content of the soil.

The resistive sensor works on the principle that the more moisture we
have in the soil makes the soil to conduct electricity easily due to lower
resistances while dry soil conditions makes the soil conducts electricity
poorly due to higher resistance.
 The control logic for the system was implemented on the
microcontroller which performs the function of communicating with all
the devices interfaced to it.

 The pump switching system is largely controlled by a relay system.

 A 12V relay typically draws approximately 60mA to activate its

operation. To avoid damage to the microcontroller board, the relay was
powered directly from the 12V dc power supply system
Circuit Diagram
 Applications
Irrigation In Fields.

Irrigation In Gardens, Parks.

 Very Efficient For Paddy, Rice Fields.

 Merits
Highly sensitive and reliable circuit.

Works according to the soil condition.

Complete elimination of manpower.

System can be switched into manual mode whenever required.

 LIMITATIONS
1. The systems can be very expensive.

2. Self-help compatibility is very low with big-scale systems, which are

very complex.

3. Most automated irrigation systems need electricity.

 Conclusion
The Automatic irrigation system monitors and controls all the activities
of drip irrigation system efficiently.

 The moisture of the soil and the temperature of the surroundings will
be measured and water is supplied to the crop accordingly which
prevents water clogging.

This system saves water because the water is directly fed to

the root and the quality of the crop gets improved.

It also helps in time saving, removal of human error in adjusting

available soil moisture levels and to maximize their net profits.
 Cost
 Estimated cost of the overall project is RS.3000.
 REFERENCE
1. Simalenga, Mark Hankins ; illustrations by Francis Njeru & Michael Glen
Williamson ; layout by Michael Okendo ; edited by Timothy (1995).

2. India's Solar Power GREENING INDIA'S FUTURE ENERGY DEMAND.

3. Dukes, M.D.; Scholberg, J.M. 2005. Soil moisture controlled subsurface

drip . Applied Engineering in Agriculture 21(1):89-101.

4. www.slideshare.net/mobile/soil+mositure+based+irrigation/
THANK YOU