• Wireless communication had its technical origins in

the 19th century

 It mainly includes radio, television and other electronic media outlets
whose primary mission is public service.
 Public broadcasting may be nationally or locally operated, depending on
the country and the station.
 In some countries, public broadcasting is run by a single organization.
 Other countries have multiple public broadcasting organizations
operating regionally or in different languages.
 Historically, public broadcasting was once the dominant or only form of
broadcasting in many countries.
 Public Service Broadcasting (PSB)is broadcasting made, financed and
controlled by the public, for the public.
 It is neither commercial nor state-owned, free from political interference
and pressure from commercial forces.
 Through PSB, citizens are informed, educated and also entertained.

- By UNESCO .
The primary mission of public broadcasting that of
public service, speaking to and engaging as a citizen .
The British model has been widely accepted as a
universal definition .
The model embodies the following principles:
 Universal geographic accessibility.
 Universal appeal.
 Attention to minorities.
 Contribution to national identity and sense of
community.
 Distance from vested interests.
 Direct funding and universality of payment.
 Competition in good programming rather than numbers.
 Guidelines that liberate rather than restrict.
 MEDIUM O PSB
It include :
 Television

 Radio
 TELEVISION
 The first non commercial television station went on the air in May
1953, when KUHT, licensed to the University of Houston and the
Houston Board of Education, became the pioneer.
 DTH service which presently caters to 44 million subscribers is
expected grow to 90 million subscribers by 2017, thereby becoming
the biggest platform. (The power of a billion, 2013)
 Satellite television can be used to provide broadcasting service to
people in rural areas
RADIO
 On January 13, 1910, the first public radio broadcast was an
experimental transmission of a live Metropolitan Opera
House performance of several famous opera singers.
 Radio was the first electronic broadcast medium when it came upon
the scene in the i92os.
 It expanded very rapidly in the decade of the i93os, reaching a peak
in 1947.
 This medium faced the competitive onslaught of television beginning
in about 1948 and from 1948 to 1959 turned to music formats as its
prime production.
 In the i960s, radio, benefiting from a general expansion in the use of
electronic media4 and particularly from the widespread use of the
transistor, started on a new upswing.
 Today radio is characterized by selective programming for selected
audiences, and constant promotion of individual broadcast stations
 India broadcasts its programmes on Short Wave.
 BBC first public service broadcaster in the
world in 1920s.
 Its was started by John Reith in 1992 at UK .
 John Charles Walsham Reith , the first Baron Reith was a British
broadcasting executive who established the tradition of
independent public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
 1922 -- was employed by the BBC (British Broadcasting Company
Ltd.) as its general manager.
 1923 -- became its managing director .
 1927 -- was employed as the Director-General of the British
Broadcasting Corporation created under a Royal Charter.
 1938 -- He left Broadcasting House with no ceremony (at his
request) but in tears
 . His concept of broadcasting as a way of educating the masses
marked for a long time the BBC and similar organisations around
the world.
 Under Reith, the BBC did not broadcast on Sunday before 12:30
PM, to give listeners time to attend church, and for the rest of the
day broadcast only religious services, classical music,
JOHN REITH’S OFFICE AT BROADCASTING HOUSE
 The BBC ( British Broadcasting Cooperation) came into
existence on 18 October 1922 ( 92 years ago).
 It is the world's oldest national broadcasting organisation and
the second largest broadcaster in the world.
 It is a public service broadcasting statutory corporation of
UNITED KINGDOMS.
 The BBC is headquartered at Broadcasting House in London and
other small production channel throughout the world
 Its main responsibility is to provide impartial public
service broadcasting in the United Kingdom.
 BBC basically deals with products like broadcasting, radio
and web portals.
 The first radio broadcast was made on 15 March 1932, and
the building was officially opened two months later, on 15
May.
 The global audience of BBC is an astounding 241 million!
Everyone, right from US on the West, to Australia in the
South East, swear by BBC for authenticity of the news.
 Since BBC cannot afford to go off air even for a single
second, it has a highly complex array of control systems
ensuring that it doesn’t go off air even for a second.
(

Founded 18 October 1922 .

( 92 years ago)

Founder John Reith

Type Statutory corporation

with a Royal Charter

Services Television
radio
online

Owner British public (publicly owned)

 Prasar Bharati is a statutory autonomous body established
under the Prasar Bharati Act and came into existence on
23.11.1997.
 It is the Public Service Broadcaster of the country.
 It comprises Doordarshan television network and All India
Radio which were earlier media units of the Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting.
 Today, Prasar Bharati through All India Radio (AIR) and
Doordarshan (DD) provides maximum coverage of the
population and is one of the largest terrestrial networks in the
world.
 Broadcasting in India started on 31st July, 1924, when the Madras
Presidency Radio Club went on the air for the first time. However,
their pioneering, effort came to an end in 1927 owing to financial
crisis.
 In 1930, the Government of India started Indian State Broadcasting
Service, but after operating the service for about 18 months, the
Government decided to close it down having concluded that the
service was hardly a viable proposition.
 In May, 1932, Indian Broadcasting received its permanent lease of
life.
 The next four years were marked by some significant developments
and, in June, 1936, Indian State Broadcasting was given its present
name, All India Radio(AIR).
 In 1947, when India attained independence, AIR's network
consisted of only 6 Stations, i.e., Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta, Madras,
Lucknow and Tiruchi.
 With integration of princely States, AIR took over 5 stations of
Aurangabad, Baroda, Hyderabad, Mysore and Trivandrum.
The major objectives of the Prasar Bharati Corporation as
laid out in the Prasar Bharati Act, 1990 are as follows:
To uphold the unity and integrity of the country and the
values enshrined in the Constitution;
 To promote national integration;

 To safeguard citizens’ rights to be informed on all matters

of public interest by presenting a fair and balanced flow of
information;
 To pay special attention to the fields of education and spread
of literacy, agriculture, rural development, environment, health
& family welfare and science & technology.
 To create awareness about women’s issues and take special
steps to protect the interests of children, aged and other
vulnerable sections of the society;
 To provide adequate coverage to diverse cultures, sports and
games and youth affairs;
 To promote social justice, safeguarding the rights of working
classes, minorities and tribal communities.
 To promote research and expand broadcasting faculties &
development in broadcast technology.
 Doordarshan in India was launch on 15 September 1959.
 Doordarshan is one of the two broadcasting arms of Prasar Bharati, with the
other being Aakashvani.

 Doordarshan is one of the largest broadcasting services in India, in terms of

people employed and infrastructure setup.

 Doordarshan will complete its 55th anniversary on 15th September, 2014!

 The DD holds the first rights for coverage of national ceremonies such as The
Independence Day, and sporting events of national importance such as the
Olympics, the Commonwealth Games, The Asian Games etc.

 DD is famous for its endearing and evergreen TV serials such as Buniyaad and
Nukkad, which caught the imagination of people right from Delhi to Lahore!
 Doordarshan has a network of 64 Production Centres and 1404
Transmitters, to telecast the programmes in 24 channels.
 The coverage is 89% of the area, serving 94% of the people in India in
addition to crores of viewers overseas through satellite network.
Doordarshan started Direct to Home (DTH) services with 30 channels on
free to air band.
 Doordarshan is the only broadcaster in the world offering DTH services on
free of cost. It had marked a "real revolution " in Public Service
broadcasting, benefiting 20 million households that are in remote areas
with no television signal and another 45 million who had no cable access.
 Aakashvani, literally meaning Voice of the Sky, is the radio arm of the
Prasar Bharati and was established in 1930!

 Headquartered at New Delhi, the All India Radio is one of the largest
and most famous radio broadcasters across the world.

 The external arm of AIR broadcasts programs in 16 foreign and 11

Indian languages to various countries with a total output per day being
70 hours across the world.

 The various services of the AIR include news-on-phone, radio

documentaries, broadcast of dramas (narration), and cultural
programs that showcase the classical and folk music of our country.
 AIR has a network of 236 Broadcasting Centres with 143 Medium
Frequency (MW), 54 High Frequency (SW) and 161 FM Transmitters.
 The coverage is 91.42% of the area, serving 99.13% of the people in the
largest democracy of the world. AIR covers 24 languages and 146 Dialects
in Home Services. In External Services, it covers 27 Languages, 17 National
and 10 Foreign Languages.
 In addition to this terrestrial network, AIR started Direct to Home (DTH)
services with 12 channels on free to air band.
 Vividh Bharati, AIR FM Rainbow, AIR FM Gold, and Radio Kashmir are some
of the most widely loved programs of AIR.
 If PSB is to have a future, it must both retain its basic characteristics
and change very significantly .
 This change is absolutely necessary to allow PSB to catch up with
contemporary reality in many of its aspects.
 This is the only way to ensure the viability and relevance of PSB and
the
 Genuine support of the public for its continued existence.
PROS OF PSB

As psb contain television and radio so it pros are

as follows :-
 To read a newspaper or magazine one should
be literate but radio and television has no such
barrier.
 It was called the real medium of masses
because of its capacity to reach huge
audiences simultaneously at fantastic speed.
 Easily available and as radio is Handy
,economical mode of communication
 Reach is wide
 A medium for India to build a new social order
and contribute to the process of development
 Can create awareness among for social issues .

 Public Service advertising is there to reduce the

strain on the public services by pushing the
information through to consumers rather than
dealing with the consequences afterwards
(which has a cost).
 CONS OF PSB

 Bad weather causes signal problem

 Requires attentive audience which generally
people are not
 Not suitable for every kind of ads.

 The public then have to ACT on this message, if

they see the advert but choose to ignore it (not
wear a seat belt) then it has been a waste of
public funds as well as still costing for the
fatality, so cost even more money...
 No interesting programmes according to the
young generation .
 Lack of new technology .

 Need to develop ads that can reflect on

peoples mind.
 CONCLUSION
 In the 21st Century with technology capable of taking information to
the remotest part of the country the debate of Public Service
Broadcasting becomes a necessity.
 If we are to develop as a democratic nation we should make renewed
efforts at making the concept viable.
 As we have seen India has to bank on its sole Public Broadcaster,
Prasar Bharti, for these purposes and though it has the advantage of
reach it is plagued by issues of autonomy from government control.
 On the other side there are private broadcasters who have
commercial disposition towards programming with elements of Public
Service Broadcasting here and there.
 To forward an idea of a completely independent organization which
chooses its content in the best interests of the public and is neither
controlled nor financed by the government would be a utopian
conception which would not be practically viable in today. Thus what
is needed is an organization which is established with a mandate of
Public Service Broadcasting in partnership with the government.
Thank You

By ;
Archana
Mubasshera
Deepak.B