CHEMICAL STABILISATION

EFFECT ON USING CALCIUM CHLORIDE

AND SODIUM CHLORIDE ON
ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOIL

NIMISHA K
 Chemical Stabilisation
• Chemical Stabilisation consists of bonding the
soil particles with a cementing agent that is
produced by a chemical reaction within the soil.

• The main advantage is that the setting time and

curing time can be controlled.

• The following chemicals have been successfully

used;
i ) Calcium Chloride
ii ) Sodium Chloride
iii ) Sodium Silicate
iv ) Chrome lignin
v) Polymers
Calcium Chloride and Sodium Chloride salts effect on
the soil from causing colloidal reactions, and altering
characteristics of soil water.
Effect on soil due to Calcium Chloride Stabilisation

• It is deliquescent and hygroscopic and reduces the

loss of moisture.

• It reduces the chances of frost heave , as the freezing

point of water is lowered.

•Effective as dust calming

•Effective for silty and clayey soils which loose

strength with an increase in water content
• It causes a slight increase in maximum dry unit weight

•It forms crystallization in the pores of the soil and finally a

dense hard mat with the stabilised surface. The pores in the soil
filled up and retard further evaporation of water

•It also checks the tendency for the formation of shrinkage

cracks
• The use of an eco-friendly product like CaCl2, which
does not alter the pH of the soil, in soil improvement will
guarantee several advantages such as

 ensuring improved mechanical properties of lateritic

soil
biodegradability geared towards environmental
sustainability
reduced dependence on non-renewable material
reduced greenhouse gas emissions and
 enhanced energy recovery.
 Effect on soil due to Sodium Chloride
Stabilisation
Soils treated with sodium chloride fall into two broad groups,
as does the usage of the material.

1. Sodium chloride treatment is aimed at modifying the soil

properties by reducing plasticity, improving workability,
increasing grain size etc., the criteria for mechanically
stabilized mixture are applied.

2. Sodium chloride treatment is limited to pavements and

substantial stabilization of a soil, then the criteria are based
on strength, bearing capacity etc., in a similar manner to that
developed for cement stabilized soils.
•As percentage of sodium chloride increases, liquid
limit decreases plastic limit and shrinkage limit
increases and plasticity and plasticity index
decreases.

•As percentages of sodium chloride increases, OMC

decreases, MDD increases for a compaction energy.

•The soil strength parameter CBR increases and the

swelling and shrinkage decreases with increases in
sodium chloride up to certain extent (5%) and then
decreases

•With the increases in the compactive effort,the OMC

for maximum strength further reduces.