Pengantar

Teknologi Informasi
Komunikasi Data dan
Jaringan Komputer
Sistem Komunikasi Data
 Melibatkan minimal 2 simpul
 Simpul bisa berupa komputer maupun peralatan
lain
 Simpul berperan sebagai pengirim dan/atau
penerima data
 Dihubungkan oleh media transmisi
 Data yg ditransmisikan berupa isyarat listrik
Gangguan Komunikasi Data
 Data yg sampai kepada penerima bisa tidak
sama dg yg disampaikan pengirim
 Penyebab Utama
 Atenuasi
 Pelemahan sinyal akibat jarak
 Distorsi Tunda
 Pengaruh pada waktu penerimaan
 Derau
 Penambahan data yg tidak perlu pada saat transmisi
data
Arah Transmisi
 Menyatakan arah isyarat dalam media
transmisi
 Simplex / One way
 Tidak dapat bertindak sebagai pengirim dan penerima
sekaligus
 Half-Duplex
 Mengirim dan menerima data bergantian
 Full-Duplex
 Mengirim dan menerima data berbarengan
Media Transmisi
 Penghubung antara pengirim dan penerima
u/ melewatkan data
 Media kabel
 Media nirkabel
 Media Kabel
 Twisted Pair Cable
 UTP
 STP
 Coaxial
 Fiber Optic
Jaringan Komputer
 Hubungan dua atau lebih komputer yang
bertujuan u/ melakukan pertukaran data
 Memungkinkan berbagi sumberdaya
 Jenis jaringan menurut rentang geo
 LAN
 Mencakup area yg terbatas (<1 Km)
 MAN
 Mencakup area dg rentang satu kota (10-45 Km)
 WAN
 Menghubungkan antar kota atau lebih luas lagi.
Topologi Jaringan
 Susunan komputer secara fisik dalam suatu
jaringan
 Bus
 Ring
 Star
 Extended Star
 Hierarchial
 Mesh
Bus Topology
 All of its nodes connected directly to
one link
 No other connections between nodes
 Each host is wired to a common wire.
 One advantage of this topology is that
all hosts are connected to each other,
and thus, can communicate directly.
 One disadvantage of this topology is
that a break in the cable disconnects
hosts from each other.
 Enables all networking devices to see
all signals from all other devices
 Traffic problems and collisions are
common.
Ring Topology
 Single closed ring consisting of
nodes and links.
 Each node connected to only two
adjacent nodes.
 All devices wired directly to each other.
 In order for information to flow, each
station must pass the information to
its adjacent station.
Star Topology
 Has a central node with all links to other
nodes radiating from it and allows no other
links.
 Its primary advantage is that it allows all
other nodes to communicate with each
other, conveniently.
 Its primary disadvantage is that if the
central node fails, the whole network
becomes disconnected..
 The flow of all information would go
through one device.
Extended Star Topology
 Repeats a star topology, except that each
node that links to the center node is, also,
the center of another star.
 The advantage of this is that it keeps wiring
runs shorter, and limits the number of
devices that need to interconnect to any
one central node.
 An extended star topology is very
hierarchical, and information is encouraged
to stay local
Hierarchical Topology
 Similar to the extended star
topology
 uses a trunk node from which it, then,
branches to other nodes.
 The trunk is a wire that has
several layers of branches.
 The flow of information is
hierarchical.
Mesh Topology
 Every node is linked directly to every other
node.
 The advantages are that
 Should any link fail to function, information can
flow through any number of other links to reach
its destination.
 Allows information to flow along many paths on
its way through the network.
 The primary physical disadvantage is the
amount of media for the links, and the amount
of connections to the links becomes
overwhelming.
 Depends greatly on the devices used.
Perangkat
Interkoneksi Antarjaringan
 Interkoneksi Antarjaringan
 Hubungan antara dua buah jaringan atau lebih.
 Perangkatnya
 Repeater / Hub
 Bridge / Switch
 Router