Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By: Rupesh Ravani
By: Rupesh Ravani
By: Rupesh Ravani
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Functions of polymer stabilizer
PERFORMANCE
POLYMER
Stabilizer
- PROPERTY
RETENTION / PROCESSABILITY
PRESERVATION
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to facilitate the polymer processing
preservation of certain properties
Modification of some properties for specific
end use application
The numerous and diverse applications of
polypropylene would not be possible without
incorporation of additives.
manufacturing stage or
at the time of processing.
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ANTIOXIDANTS
Polymers are susceptible to thermo-oxidative degradation.
The degradation of polymer occurs due to heat, light and
oxygen.
These environmental factors in presence of residual
catalyst or impurities, produce free radicals in the
polymer, which results into-
discoloration,
loss of gloss,
poor mechanical properties and
cracking.
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ANTIOXIDANTS
Antioxidants are incorporated in polypropylene to
slow down the degradation process and thus
enhance service life of the product.
antioxidants are extremely vital additives for
polymers during its-
manufacturing,
storage,
processing and
end-use.
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TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANTS
Primary antioxidants
Secondary antioxidants
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TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANTS
A. Primary antioxidants :
These are free radical scavengers, which
interfere in the chain propagation reaction
deactivating alkyl and alkylperoxy radicals. It
protects from thermo oxidative degradation.
Sterically hindered phenols or secondary
amines are most commonly used as primary
antioxidants.
The former are more widely used in
polypropylene stabilization, as they are less
susceptible to colour formation than the latter.
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TYPES OF ANTIOXIDANTS
B. Secondary antioxidants :
These are the hydro peroxide decomposers, which
prevent chain branching.
They react with hydro peroxides to form non-ionic
products.
Phosphite, phosphonite and thioether are the most
important class of secondary antioxidants. Thioether
also acts as a long term heat stabilizer (LTHS).
Important aspect in using combination of antioxidants
(A & B type ) in polypropylene is the synergistic effect
shown by these two chemicals in protecting polymer
chain from degradation.
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ACID ACCEPTORS AND NEUTRALIZERS
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ACID ACCEPTORS AND NEUTRALIZERS
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ANTISTATIC AGENTS
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ANTISTATIC AGENTS
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NUCLEATING AGENTS AND CLARIFIERS
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NUCLEATING AGENTS AND CLARIFIERS
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UV STABILIZERS
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UV STABILIZERS
UV absorbers :
Their protective action is based on a filter effect,
absorbing harmful radiations.
Common UV absorbers are –
Hydroxyphenylbenztriazoles,
Salicylates,
certain pigments.
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SLIP ADDITIVES
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SLIP ADDITIVES
For certain applications, film surfaces should have good slip
properties with lower coefficient of friction (COF).
Slip additives should be non-compatible with long polymer
chains and has to migrate strongly to the film surface to form a
uniform invisible thin coating.
Slip additives are exceptionally important in reducing coefficient
of friction of film surface, thus ensuring good handling properties.
Fatty acid amide like Oleamide ( C18 unsaturated), or
Erucamide ( C22 unsaturated) is most commonly used slip
additive in polyolefins film. Oleamide is preferred where faster
migration is desired.
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SLIP ADDITIVES
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SLIP ADDITIVES
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SLIP ADDITIVES
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SLIP ADDITIVES
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End-Use Environment
Solubility and Migration
Food and Drug Acceptance
Performance
Color and Odor
Secondary effect
Availability
Cost
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THANKS FOR ATTENTION
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