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Lecture 1
Lecture 1
Credits 3
Type (Core, optional/general) Core
Semester in which course is taught 2
Pre-requisite CHE 621
Aims and learning objectives:
Students will gain an understanding as well as acquire skills of the various physical
methods available in Inorganic Chemistry. They will then be able to apply their
knowledge of these methods to characterize inorganic and organometallic compounds.
1. Infrared Spectroscopy
2. Raman Spectroscopy
3. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of inorganic compounds
4. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy
5. Nuclear Quadrapole resonance spectroscopy
6. Mossbauer spectroscopy
7. Mass spectroscopy of Inorganic compounds
8. Optical Techniques
a. ORD
b. CD
(i) Absolute configuration of chiral inorganic complexes
(ii) Ligand conformations
Course Synopsis
Electronic absorption spectroscopy: crystal field and charge transfer bands; vibrational
and rotational spectroscopy: Infrared, Raman and Microwave. Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance of inorganic compounds. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy;
Nuclear Quadruple resonance spectroscopy; Mossbauer spectroscopy. Mass
spectroscopy of inorganic compounds. Optical activity of inorganic complexes:
ORD, CD, absolute configuration of chiral complexes, ligand conformation.
1. Introduction
9. IR spectra practice
1. Introduction
The stretching of bond is like oscillation of a spring. Energy is needed to stretch and
compress the spring
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Wavenumber
Relating wavenumber to wavelength and frequency (of the light absorbed)
Radiation absorbed at high wavenumbers is high energy radiation (and vice versa)
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Signals on this side are diagnostic of a Difficult to assign each peak but
certain functional group the shape gives a fingerprint of
the molecule as a whole
Bonds as Springs (Review of some basic classical physics concepts)
Consider a chemical bond to be a spring so C-H bond can be
modelled as a spring with C atom on one end and H atom on
the other..
Hooke’s Law,
The restraining force (force of the spring), Fs = -kx, where k is the force
constant and x is the displacement from the original position
Fs = -kx = ma = m. (d2x/dt2)
Because of the restraining spring force Fs , the box will accelerate back
towards its original position. Fs will take the box back beyond its original
position and cause the spring to compress, thus building up potential
energy to push the box back to the stretching position.
The complete movement from the stretched position to the compressed position
and back to the stretched position is a complete oscillation. The time that it takes
for one complete oscillation is called the period, and its measured in seconds.
The number of oscillations per second define the frequency of the vibration, v
In reality, when two atoms are bonded to each other, both move. The dynamics
involved are therefore slightly different from those described above.
So, the frequency of vibration is no longer dependent on the mass of one atom, but both