DIRECT SPEECH

CHARACTERISTICS:
It is original quotation of a talk
It is always placed between two quotation
marks
It is always preceded by Capital letter
Example: The teacher said: “I will go now”
It is a kind of reported sentence (reported
speech)
It retells one’s talk or idea
It undergoes certain modification
It has three types of indirect speech
1. Declarative (Statement)
2. Imperative (Command/request)
3. Interrogative (question)
 • DIRECT • INDIRECT
• Am, is, are • Was/were
• Shall/will • Should/would
• Can • Could
• May • Might
• Must
• Have/has to • Had to
• Ought to
CHANGES OF ADVERB OF
TIME & PLACE
• DIRECT • INDIRECT
• NOW • THEN
• TOMORROW • THE FOLLOWING DAY
• NEXT WEEK • THE FOLLOWING WEEK
• TONIGHT • THAT NIGHT
• TODAY • THAT DAY
• YESTERDAY • THE DAY BEFORE
• LAST NIGHT • THE NIGHT BEFORE
• LAST WEEK • THE WEEK BEFORE
• HERE • THERE
• THIS • THAT
• THESE • THOSE
 CHANGES OF TENSES

• DIRECT • INDIRECT
• SIMPLE PRESENT • SIMPLE PAST
• SIMPLE PAST • PAST PERFECT
• PRESENT • PAST PERFECT
PERFECT • PAST
• PRESENT CONTINUOUS
CONTINUOUS
• PAST PERFECT
• PRESENT CONT.
PERFECT CONT.
• PAST FUTURE
• SIMPLE FUTURE
 1. STATEMENT

HE SAID
HE SAID TO ME THAT REPORTED WORDS
HE TOLD ME
 STATEMENT EXAMPLE

• DIRECT
• They said to me: “we are
going to visit Borobudur
tomorrow.”
• INDIRECT
• They said to me that
they were going to
visit Borobudur the
following day.

• Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to • Jeffry said that he

school today. hadn’t gone to school
that day.
• Anne told Agus that
• Anne told Agus: “My
father got angry with me her father had got
last night. angry with her the
night before.
 STATEMENT Exception:
If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t be
any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech .

• DIRECT
• Cindy says: “ I will come to
your house tonight.”
• Indra says: “I have seen that
film for twice.”
• “Dessy says: “I meet my
boyfriend every saturday.”
• Chandra says: “I don’t like
sport.”
• INDIRECT
• Cindy says that she
will come to my
house tonight
• Indra says that he
has seen that film
for twice.
• Dessy says that she
meets her boyfriend
every Saturday.
• Chandra says that he
doesn’t like sport.
HE ASKED ME
HE TOLD ME TO INFINITIVE
 COMMAND EXAMPLE

• DIRECT • INDIRECT
• The teacher asked me: • The teacher asked me
Open your book page 65!” to open my book page
65.
• Siska asked Budi: “give me • Siska asked Budi to
a piece of paper”! give her a piece of
paper.
• “Ronny told him: “call me • Ronny told him to
tonight! call him that night.
HE ASKED ME
HE TOLD ME NOT TO INFINITIVE
 COMMAND EXAMPLE

• DIRECT • INDIRECT
• Santy asked Edy: Don’t • Santy asked Edy not
leave me alone anymore!” to leave her alone
anymore.
• Valenxia asked Indra: • Valenxia asked Indra
“Don’t hurt me anymore”! not to hurt her
anymore.
• “Subhan told them: “Don’t • Subhan told them not
disturb me! to disturb him.
HE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT
 A. Yes/No Question Example

• DIRECT • INDIRECT
• Ricky asked Henry: Does • Ricky asked Henry
your father work near if/whether his father
here?” worked near there.
• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia
• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: if/whether she had
“have you collected your collected her
homework?” homework.
• Dessy asked William
• Dessy asked William: “can if/whether he could
you accompany me to accompany her to
Lippo tonight? Lippo that night.
 WHEN/WHAT S + V + COMPLEMENT
HE ASKED ME etc.
 b. Wh- Question Example

• DIRECT • INDIRECT
• The girl asked me: “Where • The girl asked me
Do you come from?” where I came from.

• My father asked my • My father asked my

brother: “Why did you brother why he had
arrive at home late last arrived at home late
night?” the night before

• Handy asked the girl: • Handy asked the girl

“what is your favorite what her favorite
movie star? movie star was
 • DIRECT • My father asked
me:”Have you prepared
• The students said to the for your final exam?
teacher: “We haven’t
• Anita told Vera:
done our assignment.”
“Don’t tell me more
• My uncle said to my about your boyfriend!”
sister: “I cannot come
• My friend asked her:
on your birthday party
“Stay with me forever!”
next month.”
• My headmaster asked
• Peter asked Lina : “Do
me: “ Where do you
you love me?”
live?”
 Change from Indirect into
Direct Speech:
• She asked the driver to • George said he would
give her a lift. do his best.
• Helen said that she • She asked him if he
would give up trying. had worked before.
• She said she had printed • We asked the
that report 3 times. neighbours to turn the
• The manager said he music down.
would give us a rise. • He said he would
• They said they would answer the phone for
give up smoking. me.