SEISMIC WAVES

Are waves of energy

that travel through the
Earth’s layers, and are a
result of earthquakes,
volcanic eruption,
magma movement... Etc.
 SEISMIC WAVES can be
classified into two: surface
waves and body waves. Body
waves travel below the surface
of the Earth while surface waves
only travel in the surface.
TWO TYPES OF BODY WAVES:
 COMPRESSIONAL or PRIMARY (P)
WAVES- travel fastest at the Earth’s
crust. They are commonly heard
but seldom felt. Can travel
through all states of matter.
TWO TYPES OF BODY WAVES:
 SHEARor SECONDARY (S) WAVES-
can only travel through solid
materials. Shakes the ground
perpendicularly, causing more
damage.
TWO TYPES OF SURFACE WAVES:
 LOVE WAVES- can cause rocks to
move horizontally or side to side. It
causes more damage to buildings or
structures.
TWO TYPES OF SURFACE WAVES:
 RAYLEIGH WAVES- also called as
ground roll, causes rock particle to
move upward, backward, or
downward.
 LOCATING AND MEASURING
SEISMIC WAVES
The magnitude which is the size of an earthquake is
determined using seismic waves created by the
earthquake. It measure the energy released at the source
of the earthquake while intensity measures the strength
of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain
location.
 Mercalli Scale was
invented by
Giuseppe Mercalli
in 1902, this scale
uses the observation
of people who
experiences the
earthquake to
estimate its intensity.
The Richter Scale
was designed by
Charles F. Richter, in
this scale the
magnitude of an
earthquake
measures the
magnitude of the
earthquake
scientifically.
TSUNAMI is a Japanese term for
tidal wave or big wave in the port.
MOUNTAIN RANGES
are composed of several peaks
and each of each peaks has its
own physical features. It is a
home to the greatest regions of
biodiversity on the planet.
 HIMALAYAS-
HIGHEST
MOUNTAIN RANGE
IN THE WORLD
The word Himalaya
comes from the
Sanskrit language
that means the
house of snow.
ANDES- LONGEST MOUNTAIN
RANGE IN THE WORLD
APPALACHIANS- OLDEST MOUNTAIN
RANGE IN NORTH AMERICA
ALPS- LARGEST MOUNTAIN
SYSTEM IN EUROPE
ROCKY MOUNTAINS- THE MAJOR
MOUNTAIN RANGE IN WESTERN
NORTH AMERICA
 THE GREAT DIVIDING RANGE- A
MOUNTAIN RANGE THAT FORMS A
WATERSHED