The document discusses the diagnosis of hepatitis B. Laboratory tests play a key role and include biochemical examinations to check liver enzymes, serological examinations to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies, and molecular examinations to detect hepatitis B virus DNA. Together, the pattern of results on these different tests can indicate an acute or chronic hepatitis B infection.
The document discusses the diagnosis of hepatitis B. Laboratory tests play a key role and include biochemical examinations to check liver enzymes, serological examinations to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies, and molecular examinations to detect hepatitis B virus DNA. Together, the pattern of results on these different tests can indicate an acute or chronic hepatitis B infection.
The document discusses the diagnosis of hepatitis B. Laboratory tests play a key role and include biochemical examinations to check liver enzymes, serological examinations to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies, and molecular examinations to detect hepatitis B virus DNA. Together, the pattern of results on these different tests can indicate an acute or chronic hepatitis B infection.
History is generally without complaints, transmission history needs to
be explored like having been transfused, free sex, a history of previous jaundice. Physical examination is obtained hepatomegaly. Investigation consistsdari pemeriksaan laboratorium, USG abdomen dan Biopsi hepar Laboratory tests on HBV consist of: * Biochemical examination * Serological examination * Molecular Examination BIOCHEMICAL EXAMINATION
The acute stage of HBV is characterized by AST and ALT
increasing> 10 times normal value, normal serum bilirubin or only increases slightly, increase in Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)> 3 times the normal value, and level albumin and cholesterol can decrease. Chronic stage HBV is characterized by AST and ALT again decreases by 2- 10 times normal values and low albumin levels but globulin levels increase. SEROLOGICAL EXAMINATION The initial serological indicator of acute HBV and key marker diagnosis chronic HBV infection is HBsAg, where infection persists in serum> 6 month HBsAg examination is related to the sheath surface of the virus. About 5-10% of patients, HBsAg stays in the blood which indicates the occurrence of chronic hepatitis or a carrier MOLECULAR EXAMINATION Molecular examination becomes a standard laboratory approach for detection and measurement of HBV DNA in serum or plasma. The inspection methods include: a. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) b. Hybrid Capture Chemiluminescence (HCC) C. Signal identification (branched DNA / bDNA method) d. Target amplification (Polymerase Chain Reaction / PCR) method has been 1. HBsAg is positive (without Anti HBs and Anti HBc) 2. HBsAg and Anti HBc positive: Available at: a. Acute hepatitis B b. Chronic hepatitis B 3. Anti HBs and HBc are positive 4. Anti HBs positive (without HBsAg and Anti HBc) 5. anti HBc positive (without HBsAg or anti HBs): INTERPRETATION OF HEPATITIS B SEROLOGICAL TESTS
Serum examination of HBsAg, Anti HBs and Anti HBc
repeatedly helps to diagnose serological status, but often a single examination is useful for holding interpretations.