VOLTAGE REGULATION IN

DISTRIBUTION FEEDERS WITH

DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

SUBMITTED BY: Yasir Jafri

SUPERVISOR: Dr. Anwar Shahzad Siddiqui
VOLTAGE REGULATION
VOLTAGE REGULATION
DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
 DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
• The addition of grid connected distributed generators will have both
good and bad impacts on power system. In distribution system, due
to injection of distributed generator current into the system,
substantial reduction in power losses, voltage drop and rise in the
feeder voltage takes place. Excessive switching of voltage regulating
equipment and power quality problems like flickering problem and
harmonics occurs.[1]
 ISSUES OF DG INTEGRATION
• Power quality issues
o Voltage rise and drop[1, 2]
o Unbalance
o Flickering and harmonics[1]
• Change in feeder voltage profile[3]
• Reactive power fluctuations due to operation of switched capacitor
banks
• Interference with utility voltage regulators operation[2]
Excessive switching and operation of regulators
 Reducing life span of voltage regulators
 VOLTAGE REGULATORS
• STEP VOLTAGE REGULATOR
• ON LOAD TAP CHANGER
• SWITCHED CAPACITORS
 OLTC
• The OLTC[3] voltage regulation is naturally
operated by changing the number of turns in
one winding of the transformer to physically
alter the ratios of the transformer.
• The On-Load Tap Changer mechanism is a
transformer component controlled
automatically by a relay to increase or
decrease voltage by altering the tap position
of transformer.
• When the secondary voltage detected is no
longer within the permitted dead band, the
relay issues a command to the tap changer
mechanism to alter its tap position in order
to restore the required voltage level.
IMPACT OF DG ON REGULATOR OPERATION
• The line drop compensation (LDC) feature, which is an integral part of the SVR control, estimates
the line voltage drop and performs voltage corrections based online current, line R and X
parameters, and load side voltage. It is inherently assumed that current flow downstream of the
regulator is roughly proportional to current at the regulator location, with the constant of
proportionality steadily decreasing with increasing downstream distance from the regulator.
IMPACT OF DG ON REGULATOR OPERATION
 SOLUTION
• Single phase PV and OLTC voltage control[5]
• SuperTAPP n+ relay scheme[4]
• Coordinated voltage control approach[3]
• Multi-agent cooperative control[2]
 REFERENCES
[1] Lucian Ioan Dulau, Mihail Abrudean, and Dorin Bica, “Effects of Distributed Generation on Electric Power Systems,” 7th
International Conference Interdisciplinary in Engineering
at Petru Maior University of Tirgu Mures, October 2013
[2] Hany E. Farag and E. F. El-Saadany, ” Voltage regulation in distribution feeders with high DG penetration: From traditional
to smart ”, IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting 2011
[3] R. Madhan Mohan, P. Bhaskara Prasad and O. Lakshmi Narasimha Kesavulu, “Voltage Control in Distribution Network
Considering the Impact of PV Generation on Tap Changers and Autonomous Regulators”, International Journal of Electrical
Engineering ISSN 0974-2158 Volume 10, Number 2 (2017), pp. 143-156
[4] C. Gao and M. A. Redfern, “A Review of Voltage Control Techniques of Networks with Distributed Generations using On-
Load Tap Changer Transformers”, 45th International Universities Power Engineering Conference UPEC2010
[5] Islam Ali and Sadik Kucuksari, “Voltage Regulation of Unbalanced Distribution Network with Distributed Generators”,
North American Power Symposium (NAPS) 2016