This document discusses how to draw velocity-time graphs from position-time graphs for objects experiencing uniform and non-uniform motion. It explains that for uniform motion, instantaneous velocity is the same as average velocity and can be found from the slope of the position-time graph. For non-uniform motion, instantaneous velocity is the slope of the tangent line to the position-time graph at a point. The document also discusses what information can be determined from a velocity-time graph, including velocity, time, displacement, distance, and acceleration.
This document discusses how to draw velocity-time graphs from position-time graphs for objects experiencing uniform and non-uniform motion. It explains that for uniform motion, instantaneous velocity is the same as average velocity and can be found from the slope of the position-time graph. For non-uniform motion, instantaneous velocity is the slope of the tangent line to the position-time graph at a point. The document also discusses what information can be determined from a velocity-time graph, including velocity, time, displacement, distance, and acceleration.
This document discusses how to draw velocity-time graphs from position-time graphs for objects experiencing uniform and non-uniform motion. It explains that for uniform motion, instantaneous velocity is the same as average velocity and can be found from the slope of the position-time graph. For non-uniform motion, instantaneous velocity is the slope of the tangent line to the position-time graph at a point. The document also discusses what information can be determined from a velocity-time graph, including velocity, time, displacement, distance, and acceleration.
Uniform and Non-Uniform Motion Think about… • Sketch a position-time graph of each object listed below. Describe its slope as positive or negative, and as constant, increasing, or decreasing. • A) a stone at rest • B) a jogger moving steadily to the right • C) a bicycle moving to the left and slowing down • D) a rocket moving up at an increasing speed • E) a stone falling freely with increasing speed • F) a parachutist drifting down at a steady speed Non-Uniform Motion • An object does not always move at a constant speed. • You may speed up or slow down. • Non-uniform motion, when graphed, appears as a curve not a straight line. Instantaneous Velocity • When you are driving on the highway and you look down at your speedometer, you are traveling at + 55 km/h. At that instant in time, + 55 km/h is your instantaneous velocity. • For uniform motion, your instantaneous velocity is the same as you average velocity. • For non-uniform motion, your instantaneous velocity changes. Finding Instantaneous Velocity from a Graph (Uniform Motion) • To find instantaneous velocity on a uniform position- time graph, just find the average velocity for the given segment. Finding Instantaneous Velocity from a Graph (Non-Uniform Motion) • To find instantaneous velocity on a non- uniform position-time graph, draw a line that is tangent to the curve at that point. • The slope is the instantaneous velocity (take the two points on the tangent from each side of the point). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent Instantaneous Velocity (Non- uniform Motion) Worksheet What does a v-t graph look like? • Time is marked on the horizontal axis and velocity is on the vertical. • Graphs that represent an object’s velocity versus its time. What can we determine from a velocity time graph? • Velocity and speed • Time • Acceleration • Displacement and distance What can we determine from a velocity time graph? • Velocity - reading directly off the y-axis What can we determine from a velocity time graph? • Time (read off the x-axis) What can we determine from a velocity time graph? • Displacement = area under the curve • NOTE: Area formulas: – Arearectangle = length x width – Areatriangle = ½ base x height What can we determine from a velocity time graph? • Acceleration = v/t = slope What can you find from a v-t graph • Acceleration = slope at a point on the graph (you may have to use a tangent)
• Average acceleration = finding the slope of
a segment (use the start and end points) Interpreting v-t graphs • Horizontal lines show uniform motion (constant speed and direction).
• Inclined lines show change in speed or
direction, or both: in other words accelerated motion. Velocity-Time Graphs Worksheet • How can we use d-t graphs to determine v- t graphs? • Find the velocity for each section of the graph and plot it (make a list of points). Page 57 • Page 57, question 4 • Page 58, question 5 • Worksheet