Pertemuan 17

Teknik Adder :

1. Ripple Carry Adder

2. 2. Carry Lookahead Adder

Carry Lookahead Adder

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Carry Lookahead Adder
Carry Propagate

1 1 1 1 1
1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 A
+ 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 B
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

Carry End
Carry Generate

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 Carry Lookahead Adder
 Carry Generate
 Gi = Ai . Bi
 Always generates a carry if Gi evaluates to true.
 Carry Propagate
 Pi = Ai xor Bi
 Propagates a carry if Pi evaluates to true AND
there is a carry-in into the adder stage.
 Carry-in into the first adder stage.
 Carry-out generated in the previous adder stage.

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The Full Adder in terms of Pi and Gi

Pi = Ai xor Bi Si = Ai xor Bi xor Ci

Gi = Ai.Bi Ci+1 = Ai.Bi + Ai.Ci + Bi.Ci

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 Carry Lookahead Adder

The Carry Generate (Gi) and Carry Propagate

(Pi) can be created directly from the inputs.

 no ripple delay
 only 1 gate delay

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 Carry Lookahead Adder
 Cout,i is a function of Gi and Pi

 Cout,i = (Ai.Bi) + ( (Ai + Bi).(Cin,i) )

 This is the Cout of the Full Adder
 Cout,i = (Gi) + ( (Pi).(Cin,i) )
 where Cin,i = Cout,i-1

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 Carry Lookahead Adder
 For the LSB,
 Cout,0 = (G0) + ( (P0).(Cin,0) )
 no ripple delay

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 Carry Lookahead Adder
 For LSB+1:
 Cout,1 = (G1) + ( (P1) . Cin,1 )
 Cout,1 = (G1) + ( (P1) . Cout,0 )
 Cout,1 = (G1) + ( (P1) . (G0 + P0.Cin,0) )
 Cout,1 = G1 + P1.G0 + P1.P0.Cin,0
 All G and P terms derived directly from
associated inputs
 No ripple delay

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 Carry Lookahead Adder
 For LSB+2:
 Cout,2 = (G2) + ( (P2) . Cin,2 )
 Cout,2 = (G2) + ( (P2) . Cout,1 )
 Cout,2 = (G2) + ( (P2) . (G1 + P1.Cin,1) )
 Cout,2 = (G2) + ( (P2) . (G1 + P1.Cout,0) )
 Cout,2 = G2 + P2.G1 + P2.P1.Cout,0

Must be expanded
 Similar for LSB+3, LSB+4, etc. in terms of G0, P0,
and Cin,0

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 Carry Lookahead Adder
 Sum: Si is a function of Xi, Yi, and Cin,i
 Si = Xi xor Yi xor Cin,i
 Si = Xi xor Yi xor Cout,i-1
 Carry: Cout,i derived from Gi and Pi
 Gi and Pi are functions of the inputs
 Carries do not ripple from one stage to the next
 Delay ~ log2(n)
 Area required ~ (n)*(log2(n))
 Greater than area required for RCA

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Carry Lookahead Adder

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Carry Lookahead Adder

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 Carry Lookahead Adder

74LS283: 4-bit Binary Adder with Fast Carry

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