An

Assingment
On

“Repeat Breeding in Bovine”

Female show NORMAL HEAT symptoms but not
conceived in more than 2 to 3 service
Definition of repeat breeder cows

 Cows that are cycling normally, with no

clinical abnormalities, which have failed to
conceive after at least two successive
inseminations.
Mainly seen in cross breed cows
 Repeat breeders can be divided into two
groups:

 1. Early repeats Cows that come into heat

within 17-24 days after AI.

 In these animals the luteal function has been

shorter than normal or typical for the
physiological oestrus cycle in non bred cow.
 In these cows the most probable event is
either failure of fertilisation (delayed
ovulation, poor semen quality etc.) or early
embryonic death (delayed ovulation, poor
embryo quality, unfavourable uterine
environment, precocious luteolysis)
2. Late repeats Cows that come into heat
later than 25 days after AI.
In these animals the luteal function was
maintained for longer than the
physiological luteal phase in non bred cows.
Fertilisation and initial recognition of
pregnancy probably took place but for
some reason (inadequate luteal function,
inadequate embryo signalling, infectious
diseases, induced luteolysis) luteolysis was
induced and pregnancy lost.
Responsible Factors

 Congenital and acquired factors

1. Female factors
2. Male factors
 Early embryonic death
 Technological factors
 Nutritional /managemental factors
Congenital factors

 Underdeveloped genitalia
 Aplasia of genitalia / Segmented oviduct
 Congenital defect in ovary
Small ovary
Low receptor for GnRH
Low cyclic activity of
ovary…….silent heat
 Defect of oviduct
 Defect in cervix :- Kinked cervix
Rx Inj.Epidosin
 Aplasia of genitalia

Ovary developed

Ovulation occur

But ovum not reach to site of fertilisation

No fertilization
Female factors

 Endocrine factor Other factors

Impaired function • Persistent CL
of • Follicular/
•Hypothalamus • Leuteal Cyst
• Anvolutory heat
•Pituitary • Delayed ovulation
•Ovarian activity • Failure of nidation of
embryo
• Failure collection of
ova by fimbria
Treatment

 Inj.GnRH
e.g inj.Gynyarich / Receptal
 Inj.Prostaglandin
e.g Inj.Vetmate/Pragma
 Inj.Progesterone for pregnancy
e.g P-depot / duraprogen
 lugol’s iodine painting on cervix
 Rx of genital tract disease
Male factors
Disease Testicular disease
1. Trichomoniasis
•Testicular
2. Vibriosis
degeneration/hypoplasia
3. Brucellosis
•Cryptorchidism /neoplasm
•Orchitis
Semen qualities
•Low sperm concentration
•More dead sperm /
•Abnormal sperm
•Obtained from older bull
Treatment

 Collection of semen from healthy bull

 Rx of venereal disease
 Hygienic collection of semen
 Regular check of straw
Technological factors

 AI technique
 Improper thawing,
 Improper handling of straw
 AI in early pregnant showing
gestational estrus
 Hormonal treatment
 Vigorous handling of genitalia in PD
Treatment

 Proper management and handling

semen
 AI with skilled person
 Avoid vigorous handling of genitalia
 Proper detection of heat
 Proper time, site, dose of semen
 Avoid unwanted hormonal Rx
Nutritional factors

Under nutrition

•Vit-A ,D,E deficiency

•Mineral deficiency –P
Treatment

 Inj.Vit-a
 Inj.Tonophosphone /T-phos /any or ‘P’
preparation
 Mineral mix orally
Managemental factors
 Heat stress in female and male
 More herd size