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What Is Multiple Criteria Analysis?: Bahan Kajian MK. Metode Penelitian PM PSLP Ppsub 2011 Soemarno
What Is Multiple Criteria Analysis?: Bahan Kajian MK. Metode Penelitian PM PSLP Ppsub 2011 Soemarno
MULTIPLE CRITERIA
ANALYSIS?
No scarce No problems
problem
Several Single
criteria criterion
MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM)
Ilustrasi:
1. Ke supermarket untuk MEMILIH produk sirup yang
Paling Murah
2. Mencari pola tanam yang memaksimumkan the gross
margin
Ilustrasi:
Pola tanam yang:
Max gross margin
Min Risk Conflicting objectives
Min Indebtedness
X1 + X2 <= 1000
4000 X1 + 5000 X2 <= 4.200.000
-X1 + X2 <= 0 ………….. X2 <= X1
MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM)
X2 (ha)
4000X1+5000X2 = 4200000 -X1+X2 = 0
X1+X2=1000
A
466.66
E
200 B
Kriteria Employment:
Optimum solution: C(1000,0) ……employment = 500000 HOK
Optimum Point ?
Multiple goals
Multiple objectives
MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM)
Farm Level:
Goals in agriculture DM:
1. Maximum gross margin
2. Minimum seasonal cash exposure
3. Provision od stable employment for the permanent
labor
Ranch planning:
1. Red meat production
2. Use of fossil fuel energy
3. Profits
w : weight
f(X): atributes function
MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM)
PARETO OPTIMALITY
DM wants:
1. Gross margin,……….. As large as possible
2. Labor and indeptedness ……….. As small as possible
MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKING (MCDM)
e.g. Trade-off antara margin dan labor untuk Sol III dan Sol I:
MCDM APPROACH
Optimum Compromize
Minimized deviation
d-
. : Goal 1
d+
: Goal 2
d+
: Goal 3
Minimization process:
1. Lexicographic Goal Programming (LGP)
2. Weighted Goal Programming (WGP)
1. Decision variables Pear tree (X1 ha) Peach tree (X2 ha)
3. Resources Uses:
Capital Year 1 550 400
Year 2 200 175
Year 3 300 250
Year 4 325 200
4. Annual labor Prunning 120 180
Harvest 400 450
Ketersediaan sumberdaya:
Tujuan Usahatani:
1. Maximize NPV
2. Minimize pinjaman kapital selama 4 tahun
3. Minimize TK musiman untuk prunning dan panen
4. Minimize sewa traktor
(these are conflicting interests)
Solusinya:
X1 = 5 ha
X2 = 4.44 ha
NPV = 53.450
Tenaga kerja panen digunakan semua
Sumberdaya lainnya tidak habis digunakan, ada sisa sumberdaya
GOALS PROGRAMMING
The role of d+ and d- in GP
n = d-
p = d+ d- = 0, atau d+ = 0, atau d- = d+ = 0
.
Min A = [ (p2+p3+p4+p5), (p9), (n1), (p6+p7+p8) ]
Subjected to:
Deviation variable:
n1 = 33.250 p1 = 0
n2 = 699 p2 = 0
n3 = 2.221 p3 = 0
n4 = 1.122 p4 = 0
n5 = n6 = 0 p5 = p6 = 0
n7 = 0 p7 = 5672
n8 = 0 p8 = 2211
n9 = 0 p9 = 0
.
LGP : Solusi
II 5 4.44 146.55 0 0 0
Misalnya: g2, g3, g4, dan g5, sebagai rigid constraint yang harus dipenuhi,
……………. Sebagai kendala (constraint)
g1, g6, g7, g8, dan g9, sebagai goals, ada lima macam simpangan yang
perlu pembobotan
Minimize:
n1
W1 ------------------ x 100/1 +
175.600
p6
W2 ------------------ x 100/1 +
4000
p7
W3 ------------------ x 100/1 +
p8
W4 = --------------- x 100/1 +
2000
p9
W5 = -------------- x 100/1
1000
Subjected to:
WGP :
Subject to:
500X1 + 400X2 <= 15.000
750X1 + 575X2 <= 22.000
1050X1 + 825X2 <= 29.000
1375X1 + 1025X2 <= 36.000
Fractional GP:
Apabila beberapa goals (misalnya struktur biaya usahatani) harus
diintroduksi sebagai ratios atau sebagai fractional goals
Minmax GP :
Minimize the maximum of deviations
s.t. nj <= d
MOP
Membedakan antara:
Solusi layak yang Pareto Optimal,
Konsep tradisional tentang optimal diganti dengan idea efisiensi dan / atau
Non-dominansi
Approximation of the MOP Problem
Subject to: X € F
Modelnya adalah:
Subject to:
550X1 + 400X2 <= 15.000
750X1 + 575X2 <= 22.000
1050X1 + 825X2 <= 29.000
1375X1 + 1025X2 <= 36.000
120X1 + 180 X2 <= 4000
35X1 +35X2 <= 1000
X1 + X2 >= 10
X >= 0
MOP :
X2
C
E X1 + X2 >= 10
F
120X1 + 180X2 = 4000
A B
X1