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Bureau of Fire Protection Tarlac City Fire Station
Bureau of Fire Protection Tarlac City Fire Station
Bureau of Fire Protection Tarlac City Fire Station
Destructive Fire
Ferocious Fire that seek to destroy
lives and properties .
ELEMENTS OF FIRE
FIRE TRIANGLE/TETRAHEDRON
ELEMENTS OF FIRE
Fuel
Any combustible material – solid, liquid or gas
FIRE TRIANGLE/TETRAHEDRON
ELEMENTS OF FIRE
Heat
The energy necessary to increase the temperature of
fuel to where sufficient vapors are given off for
ignition to occur
FIRE TRIANGLE/TETRAHEDRON
ELEMENTS OF FIRE
Oxygen
The air we breathe is about 21% oxygen – fire
needs only 16% oxygen.
FIRE TRIANGLE/TETRAHEDRON
ELEMENTS OF FIRE
Chain Reaction
Chain reaction is a sequence of reactions
where a reactive products or by products causes
reactions to take place.
FIRE TRIANGLE/TETRAHEDRON
STAGES OF FIRE
INCIPIENT
This first stage begins when heat, oxygen and a fuel source
combine and have a chemical reaction resulting in fire. This is also known
as “ignition” and is usually represented by a very small fire which often
(and hopefully) goes out on its own, before the following stages are
reached.
STAGES OF FIRE
GROWTH
The growth stage is where the structures fire load and oxygen are
used as fuel for the fire. There are numerous factors affecting the growth
stage including where the fire started, what combustibles are near it,
ceiling height and the potential for “thermal layering”. It is during this
shortest of the 4 stages when a deadly “flashover” can occur; potentially
trapping, injuring or killing firefighters.
STAGES OF FIRE
FULLY DEVELOPED
When the growth stage has reached its max and all combustible
materials have been ignited, a fire is considered fully developed. This is
the hottest phase of a fire and the most dangerous for anybody trapped
within.
STAGES OF FIRE
FLASHOVER
is the near-simultaneous ignition of most of the directly exposed
combustible material in an enclosed area. When certain organic materials
are heated, they undergo thermal decomposition and release flammable
gases.
Transition between growth and fully developed stage
STAGES OF FIRE
DECAY
Usually the longest stage of a fire, the decay stage is
characterized a significant decrease in oxygen or fuel, putting an end to
the fire. Two common dangers during this stage are first – the existence
of non-flaming combustibles, which can potentially start a new fire if not
fully extinguished. Second, there is the danger of a backdraft when
oxygen is reintroduced to a volatile, confined space.
BEHAVIORS OF FIRE
FAST
Fire spreads quickly; there is no time to gather valuables or make
a phone call. a fire can become life-threatening. a residence can be
engulfed in flames..
BEHAVIORS OF FIRE
DARK
Fires are always accompanied by smoke. A small fire can produce
enough smoke to fill a building in minutes. The bigger the fire the greater
the smoke and the lesser you’ll see your surroundings which makes it very
difficult to escape in a fire scene.
IN A FIRE, CRAWL LOW UNDER SMOKE
Smoke and heat rise, so during a fire
there's cleaner, cooler air near the floor.
Always try another exit if you encounter
smoke when you are escaping a fire. But
if you have to escape through smoke,
crawl on your hands and knees with you
head I to 2 feet (30 to 60 cm.) above the
floor.
BEHAVIORS OF FIRE
HOT
Fires produce heat. Wood fires usually burn at a temperature of
around 1,950 degrees Celsius. The exact temperature of the flame is
dependent on external conditions such as the type of fuel being burned,
available ventilation, and the form of oxygen available for combustion
BEHAVIORS OF FIRE
HOT
Three Methods of Heat Transfer
Conduction
An overload occurs when you draw more electricity than a circuit can
safely handle. ... If there were no breaker in the circuit,
an overload would cause the circuit wiring to overheat, which could
melt the wire insulation and lead to a fire.
COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
KITCHEN FIRE
• Incident Involve
• Exact Location and Landmark
• Full Name of caller
• Telephone/Mobile Number
(045) 982-1356
5 CLASSES OF FIRE
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
PARTS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Dry Chemical
an extinguishing agent composed of
very small particles of chemicals such
as, but not limited to, sodium
bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate,
urea-based potassium bicarbonate,
potassium chloride, or
monoammonium phosphate
supplemented by special treatment to
provide resistance to packing and
moisture absorption (caking) as well as
to provide proper flow capabilities.
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Aqueous Film Forming Foam
AFFF
TPASS
TWIST THE PIN TO BREAK THE SEAL
FIRE DRILL
DEPUTY
C E F S S & R S
F
O V I A E E I
I
M A R L A S T
R
M C E V R C E
S
U U T F A C U
N A I G H E S
I T G I E
A
C I H N C
I
A O T G U
D
T N I R
I N I
O G T
N Y
FIRE DRILL
PHASES OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE
A larm
R esponse
E vacuation
A ssembly
H ead Count
E valuation
FIRE DRILL
EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM
Incident Commander(IC)
a) Nature of fire.
b) Tools or equipment available.
c)The action to take. (decision from the Ground
Commander)
d)Wind direction.
FIRE FIGHTING TECHNIQUES
3. RESCUE
INDIRECT ATTACK
If the fire involves a large area and
confined by locating the hottest portion and
applying a stream over hottest portion.
COMBINATION ATTACK
If the whole building is already involve by
the fire and entry is difficult.
FIRE FIGHTING TECHNIQUES
8. SALVAGE