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Alyana Ellaine S. Matias, MD
Alyana Ellaine S. Matias, MD
Alyana Ellaine S. Matias, MD
Matias, MD
1. Vascular Constriction
2. Platelet Plug Formation
3. Fibrin Formation
4. Fibrinolysis
initial response to vessel injury
Contributing factors:
THROMBOXANE A2 (TXA2)
ENDOTHELIN
BRADYKININ AND FIBRINOPEPTIDES
COAGULATION FACTOR DEFICIENCIES
1. Factor VIII Deficiency (Hemophilia A and von
Willebrand’s Disease)
2. Factor IX Deficiency ( Hemophilia B or Christmas
Disease)
3. Factor XI Deficiency
4. Factor II (Prothrombin Deficiency)
5. Factor VII Deficiency
6. Factor XIII Deficiency
Sex-linked recessive disorders (Males)
Plasma factor level:
SEVERE: <1%
MODERATE: 1-5%
MILD: 5-30%
TREATMENT:
Factor VIII or factor IX concentrate
MOST COMMON congenital bleeding TYPES:
disorder
1. TYPE I: Quantitative
2. TYPE II: Qualitative
Defect in vWF, a large glycoprotein
responsible for carrying factor VIII 3. TYPE III: Total Deficiency
and platelet adhesion.
SYMPTOMS:
easy bruising
mucosal bleeding
Menorrhagia: common in women
prevalent in the Ashkenazi Jewish population but found in all races.
TREATMENT: FFP
RARE (AR) RARE (AR)
TREATMENT: FFP
Bleeding is uncommon unless the level is less
GOAL: 20% to 25% activity. than 3%.
MC manifestations:
easy bruising
RARE (AR)
mucosal bleeding (epistaxis or oral mucosal
male-to-female ratio is 1:1. bleeding)
Delayed bleeding because clots form normally Postoperative bleeding is also common,
but are susceptible to fibrinolysis reported in 30% of surgical procedures
Umbilical stump bleeding, Spontaneous
abortion
TRATMENT: FFP or recombinant factor VIIa.
TREATMENT: FFP, cryoprecipitate, or a factor
XIII concentrate.
1. Thrombasthenia/ Glanzmann 2. Bernard-Soulier syndrome
thrombasthenia
DIAGNOSIS:
1. Thrombocytopenia,
2. Prolongation of the prothrombin time
3. Low fibrinogen level
4. Elevated fibrin markers (FDPs, D-dimer, soluble fibrin mono- mers).
Polycythemia
excess of red blood cells
Sequelae:
increased blood viscosity,
increased platelet count,
increased tendency toward stasis
MECHANICAL HEMOSTASIS
THERMAL HEMOSTASIS
TOPICAL HEMOSTASIS
IMPROVEMENT IN OXYGEN CARRYING O2 casrrying capacity is a primary fuction
CAPACITY ogf RBC
Threfore transcusion of RBC should
augment o2- carrying capacity
Treatment of Anemica Hgb 9 g/dl
Volume Replacement MC INDIDCATION FOR BT IN SURGICAL
PATIENTS IS THE REPLENISHMENT OF THE
BLOOD VOLUME