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    Pellagra is a niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency that results in degeneration of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system. Its symptoms are referred to as the "4 D's" and include dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia or depression, and potentially death if left untreated. It presents with a rough, symmetrical rash on sun-exposed areas like the face and hands. Those at highest risk include alcoholics, people heavily dependent on corn, and the malnourished. Treatment involves a balanced diet with adequate niacin sources like meat, dairy, cereals and legumes.

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    Pellagra is a niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency that results in degeneration of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system. Its symptoms are referred to as the "4 D's" and include dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia or depression, and potentially death if left untreated. It presents with a rough, symmetrical rash on sun-exposed areas like the face and hands. Those at highest risk include alcoholics, people heavily dependent on corn, and the malnourished. Treatment involves a balanced diet with adequate niacin sources like meat, dairy, cereals and legumes.

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    162 views9 pages

    Pellagra

    Uploaded by

    api-441852452
    Pellagra is a niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency that results in degeneration of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous system. Its symptoms are referred to as the "4 D's" and include dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia or depression, and potentially death if left untreated. It presents with a rough, symmetrical rash on sun-exposed areas like the face and hands. Those at highest risk include alcoholics, people heavily dependent on corn, and the malnourished. Treatment involves a balanced diet with adequate niacin sources like meat, dairy, cereals and legumes.

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    of 9

    PELLAGRA

    BARBARA CARTER
    WHAT IS PELLAGRA
    • Pellagra is from a niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency which results
    in degeneration of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and nervous
    system.
    DAILY RECOMMENDED DOSING
    RDA (mg/day)
    • Food sources to acquire Niacin
    1-3 years (6 mg) for both (vitamin B3) from:
    male and female • Plant and animal foods
    4-8 years (8 mg) for both • Meats
    male and female • Milk
    9-13 years (12 mg) for both • Cereals
    male and female • Legumes
    • Seeds
    14 to >19 years (16 mg)
    male (14 mg) female • Nuts
    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
    Symptoms of pellagra have Other symptoms may include:
    been referred to as “the 4 D’s”
    • Apathy
    • Headache
    • Dermatitis • Fatigue
    • Diarrhea • Loss of memory
    • Complaints of nonspecific burning
    • Depression or dementia sensation throughout the oral cavity
    • Death • A smooth, shiny, bright-red tongue
    swollen at the tip and lateral margins.
    • Red and inflamed marginal attached
    gingiva.
    APPEARANCE
    • Skin may become rough and resemble goose flesh.
    • It flares up when skin is exposed to strong sunlight.
    • Always bilaterally symmetrical ( appears on both sides of
    the body at the same time)
    • Reddish skin rash
    • More apparent on the face, hands, or feet.
    CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO PELLAGRA

    People who are at risk for pellagra are


    • Alcoholics
    • Individuals who are heavily dependent on corn or maize
    • Malnourished individuals
    RECOMMENDATIONS
    • Eat a well balanced meal 3 times a day
    • Consume milk and meats with each meal
    • Choose a variety of foods that contain niacin such as
    cereals, legumes, seeds etc.
    REFERENCES
    • Picture on title slide: https://www.bodieko.si/vitamin-b3-je-nujen-za-notranje-ravnovesje
    • Picture on slide 2:
    https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2007/08/01/health/adam/18103VitaminB3deficit.html
    • Picture of hand on slide 6: https://hubpages.com/health/Pellagra-Pictures-Symptoms-Treatment-Causes
    • Picture of mouth on slide 6: http://stsportsnutrition.blogspot.com/2015/04/evaluate-and-interpret-micro-nutrient.html
    • Picture of upper lip on slide 6: https://www.cidjournal.com/article/S0738-081X(17)30105-0/pdf
    • Picture of swollen tongue on slide 6: http://www.medicalzone.net/differential-diagnosis-of-glossitis.html
    • Information on each slide from the book: The Dental Hygienist’s Guide to Nutritional Care 5th Ed pages 192-194

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