DIMENSIONS OF

COUNSELLING
N.M.M. SAFEEK
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PSYCHOLOGY
Early Development stage
No theoretical base
No way of diagnosing

Ungersma (1961)

• Just like a man who is on a horseback tries

to go every direction
• History of psychology and History of
Counselling are parallel in their way of
Until 60s’

• Many different methodologies were used

• Need of a accepted method to recognize counselling
as a profession has emerged
Ralpe Bride (1972)

 He requested that counselling must put away the

methods, theories, ways which adopted from
others

 counselors must be named as behavioural

scientists
Leo Goldsmith (1974)

 For the first time he presented a methodological

aspect for counselling

 That is three dimensional analysis

 But later many have criticized this

 Need of a scientific methodological intervention

emerged later on to feasible the counselling process
Morril, Oetting and Hurst (1974)
Presnted a clear and simple method for counselling

3 DIMENSIONAL APPROACHES
1. TARGET OF INTERVENTION- 3 GROUPS PRIMARY GROUP-
 Individual, family
 Association group
 Institution of community

2. PURPOSE OF INTERVENTION - 3 GROUPS

 Treatment
 Prevention
 Development

3. METHOD OF INTERVENTION - 3 GROUP

 Direct service
 Consultation of change
 Media-
Dimensional approaches
1. Target of intervention- 3 groups primary group-

 Primary groups - Individual, family. one –to- one or small group

basis. family, intimate friends

 Association group
Member share similar interest/ needs/ band or joint together in
some organizational way

 Institution or community
Collective arrangements of individuals who differ from associational groups
Dimensional approaches

2. Purpose of intervention - 3 groups

Treatment – intervention spawned by an

individual’s pain
Prevention – Prevent future problems
Development – to enhance the functioning
and developmental potential of healthy
individuals and group
Dimensional approaches

3. Method of intervention - 3 group

 Direct service – Intervention that required direct contact
between counseller and target
 Consultation of training – Counseller indirectly affect the
target population through allied professionals and
paraprofessionals
 Media- methods, such as Computer assisted counselling,
Video taped interviews, programmed human relations
training materials
Thank You!