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CFX
CFX
• Hydrogen released
vertically upward
during 60 seconds
(0.27 m3 total):
– injection tube diameter 10 mm
– hydrogen release velocity
57.3 m/s
– release orifice located on the
vessel axis, at 1.4 m under the
top of the vessel, connected to a
supply vessel
– After the release, the sensors
were measuring during 250 min
• Hydrogen released
vertically upward
during 60 seconds
(0.27 m3 total):
– injection tube diameter 10 mm
– hydrogen release velocity
57.3 m/s
– release orifice located on the
vessel axis, at 1.4 m under the top
of the vessel, connected to a
supply vessel
– After the release, the sensors
were measuring during 250 min
NCSa
NCSb
NH
5.0
UPM
UUa
UUb
4.5 FZJ
4.0
3.5
0 2 4 6 8 10
Absolute velocity (m/s)
Absolute velocity along the
vessel axis at 30s after the
beginning of release
0.05 GexCon
INERIS
0.04 NCSRD(a)
NCSRD(b)
UPM
0.03 UU(a)
UU(b)
0.02 WUT
Experimental
0.01
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance from the top (m)
Volume fractions along the
vessel centreline (100 min
after the end of release)
0.06
BRE
BRE-A
CEA
0.05 DNV
FzJ
FzK
Volume fraction H2
0.04 GexCon
INERIS
NCSRD(a)
0.03 NCSRD(b)
UPM
UU(a)
0.02 UU(b)
WUT
Experimental
0.01
0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance from the top (m)
Volume fractions along the
vessel centreline (250 min
after the end of release)
0.040
BRE
BRE-A
0.035 CEA
DNV
FzJ
0.030 FzK
GexCon
Volume fraction H2
INERIS
0.025 NCSRD(a)
NCSRD(b)
UPM
0.020 UU(a)
UU(b)
WUT
0.015 Experimental
0.010
0.005
0.000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance from the top (m)
Overall findings /2
UUb
CEA
WUT
0.10 DNV
UPM
INR
Cp / Co = 1
Cp / Co = 2
Cp / Co = 1/2
0.01
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance from top (m)
Overall findings /3
250 min
DNV
FzJ
0.030 FzK
GexCon
Volume fraction H2
INERIS
0.025 NCSRD(a)
NCSRD(b)
UPM
0.020 UU(a)
UU(b)
WUT
0.015 Experimental
0.06 0.010
BRE
BRE-A
0.005 CEA
0.05 DNV
0.000 FzJ
0 1 FzK 2 3 4 5 6
Volume fraction H2
0.04 GexCon
Distance from the top (m)
INERIS
NCSRD(a)
100 min
0.03 NCSRD(b)
UPM
UU(a)
0.02 UU(b)
0.08 WUT
BRE Experimental
BRE-A
0.07 0.01 CEA
DNV
0.06 FzJ
0.00 FzK
Volume fraction H2
0.05 0 1 2 GexCon 3 4 5 6
INERIS from the top (m)
Distance
0.04 NCSRD(a)
NCSRD(b)
0.03 50 min UPM
UU(a)
UU(b)
0.02 WUT
Experimental
0.01
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance from the top (m)
Ratio between calculated
(Cp) and measured (C0)
concentrations (250 min
after the end of release)
10.000
1.000
Cp / Co
0.100