EARTH MOTION

JAYBERT M. CABANERO

REGIONAL BASIC EDUCATION

RESEARCH CONFERENCE v.
The Earth Is Not Round
• The Earth is a sphere, but
due to its gravitational
forces it is not a perfect
circle.
• In fact, there is a bulge
around the equator because
of this.
• The Earth's Polar radius is
3,949.99 miles, while its
Equatorial radius is 3,963.34
miles.

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There Are Not 24 Hours In a Day
• People often claim there
aren't enough hours in
the day and they're right
– not even 24. The
actual time it takes the
planet to rotate on its
axis is 23 hours 56
minutes and 4 seconds.
This is what's called a
sidereal day.

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Earth Had a Twin Planet Called Theia
• Scientists now believe that we
were once not alone in our orbit
around the Sun – we had a “twin”
planet we call Theia, which was
the size of Mars and was 60
degrees either in front or behind
our Big Blue Ball. One afternoon
about 4.533 billion years ago,
Theia crashed into the Earth;
most of the planet was absorbed,
but a large chunk blew off and
combined with materials from our
planet to create the Moon. Why
do we think this? It's because our
Moon is unusually large for a
planet of our size and has metallic
isotopes similar to those on Earth.
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OBJECTIVES:

• identify facts related to motion of the Earth,

• describe why there is change in seasons,
and
• illustrate the effect of position to Earth
condition.

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What are the motions of the Earth

Rotation: It is the movement of the earth on

its axis
Revolution: The movement of the Earth
around the sun in a fixed path called orbit.

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What is orbital plane?

• The plane formed by the orbit is known as

orbital plane.
• The axis of the earth which is an imaginary
line makes an angle of 66 and half degree
with its orbital plane.

REGIONAL BASIC EDUCATION

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What is circle of illumination?
Due to the spherical shape of the Earth only
half of its get light from the sun at a time.
The portion facing the sun experience day
while the other half away from the sun
experience night.
The circle that divides the day from night on
the globe is called the circle of illumination.
The circle of illumination does not coincide
with the axis.
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What is Earth Day?
The Earth takes about 24 hours to complete
one rotation around its axis. This is the daily
rotation of the Earth. This period of rotation
is known as Earth Day.

REGIONAL BASIC EDUCATION

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What is leap year?
A year with 366 days is called a leap year.

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Why there is change in seasons?
Seasons change due to change in position of
the Earth around the sun.
The rays of the sun are at 90 degree, on
Equator, 90 degree on tropic cancer, 90
degree on tropic Capricorn depending on the
position of the Earth.

REGIONAL BASIC EDUCATION

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THINK-PAIR-SHARE

The rays of the sun are at :

• 90 degree on tropic cancer,
• 90 degree on tropic Capricorn, and
• 90 degree on Equator,

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RAYS OF THE SUN IS AT 90 DEGREE ON TROPIC CANCER

The above position is observable every 21st day of

June where the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards
the sun, therefore the sun is at 90 degree at tropic
cancer. This position shows that Summer Solstice in
Northern Hemisphere and Winter Solstice in Southern
Hemisphere.

NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE

Northern Hemisphere receives more heat.
It is summer in the Northern Hemisphere.
The days are longer and nights are shorter
in Northern Hemisphere
The North Pole experience continues
daylight for six months
Southern Hemisphere receives less heat. It is
winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
The nights are longer and days are shorter in
Southern Hemisphere
The South Pole experience continues night
for six months

REGIONAL BASIC EDUCATION

RESEARCH CONFERENCE v.
RAYS OF THE SUN IS AT 90 DEGREE ON TROPIC CAPRICORN

The above position is observable every 22nd day of

December where the Southern Hemisphere is tilted
towards the sun, therefore the sun is at 90 degree at
tropic capricorn. This position shows that Summer
Solstice in Southern Hemisphere and Winter Solstice
in Northern Hemisphere.

NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE

Southern Hemisphere receives more heat. It is Northern Hemisphere receives less heat. It is
summer in the Southern Hemisphere. winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

The days are longer and nights are shorter in The nights are longer and days are shorter in
Southern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere.

The South Pole experience continues daylight The North Pole experience continues night for
for six months six months

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RAYS OF THE SUN IS AT 90 DEGREE AT EQUATOR

Every 21st day of March and 23rd day of September the

rays of the sun is at 90 degree at equator. At this position
neither of the poles are tilted towards the sun, so the
whole earth experiences equal day and night which is
known as equinox.
MONTH NORTHERN SOUTHERN
HEMISPHERE HEMISPHERE
March 21 Spring Season Autumn Season
September 23 Autumn Season Spring Season

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GROUP ACTIVITY

Task 1. Describe the effect when rays of sun is

at 90 degree on Tropic Cancer
Task 2. Describe the effect when rays of sun is
at 90 degree on Tropic Capricorn
Task 3. Describe the effect when rays of sun is
at 90 degree on Equator

REGIONAL BASIC EDUCATION

RESEARCH CONFERENCE v.
1. What is a leap year?

• A. year with 367 days

• B. when the month of February has 29 days
• C. year with 365 day
• D. when the month of February has 31 days
2. What is the season of the Northern Hemisphere
once the tropic cancer is tilted towards the sun
that cause the rays of the sun to be at 90 degrees
at tropic cancer?
• A. Summer
• B. Spring
• C. Autumn
• D. Winter
3. What is the season of the Southern Hemisphere
once the tropic Capricorn is tilted towards the sun
that cause the rays of the sun to be at 90 degrees
at tropic Capricorn?
• A. Summer
• B. Spring
• C. Autumn
• D. Winter
4. What is the effect when rays of sun is at 90
degree to tropic cancer in northern hemisphere
and southern hemisphere in terms of duration of
days and night?
• A. The days are longer and nights are shorter in Southern Hemisphere
• B. Southern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere experience an
equal day and night
• C. The days are longer and nights are shorter in Northern Hemisphere
• D. The nights are longer and days are shorter in Northern Hemisphere
5. What is the effect when rays of sun is at 90
degree to tropic cancer in northern hemisphere
and southern hemisphere in terms of heat?
• A. Northern hemisphere receives more heat than Southern
Hemisphere
• B. Southern hemisphere receives more heat than Northern
Hemisphere
• C. It is summer in both Northern and Southern Hemisphere
• D. It is summer in Southern Hemisphere
 6. What is the effect when rays of sun is at 90
degree to tropic cancer in northern hemisphere
and southern hemisphere with their respective
poles?
• A. The North pole receives continues day time for 6 months
• B. The North pole receives continues night time for 6 months
• C. The South pole receives continues day time for 6 months
• D. Both North pole and South pole receive continues equal duration
of days and nights for 6 months
7. What is the effect when rays of sun is at 90
degree to tropic capricorn in northern hemisphere
and southern hemisphere in terms of duration of
days and night?
• A. The days are longer and nights are shorter in Southern Hemisphere
• B. Southern Hemisphere and Northern Hemisphere experience an
equal day and night
• C. The days are longer and nights are shorter in Northern Hemisphere
• D. The nights are longer and days are shorter in Northern Hemisphere
8. What is the effect when rays of sun is at 90
degree to tropic capricorn in northern hemisphere
and southern hemisphere in terms of heat?
• A. Northern hemisphere receives more heat than Southern
Hemisphere
• B. Southern hemisphere receives more heat than Northern
Hemisphere
• C. It is summer in both Northern and Southern Hemisphere
• D. It is summer in Northern Hemisphere
9. What is the effect when rays of sun is at 90
degree to tropic capricorn in northern hemisphere
and southern hemisphere with their respective
poles?
• A. The South pole receives continues day time for 6 months
• B. The South pole receives continues night time for 6 months
• C. The North pole receives continues day time for 6 months
• D. Both North pole and South pole receive continues equal duration
of days and nights for 6 months
10. What is the season in the northern
hemisphere when the sun rays is at 90 degree at
equator in the month of March?
• A. Summer
• B. Winter
• C. Autumn
• D. Spring