BY

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 WHO IS
DAVID AUSUBEL?

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a) An American Psychologist & Psychiatrist

b) Born in 1918 and grew up in Brooklyn, NY

c) Psychology graduate and later gained a

Ph. D. in Developmental Psychology

d) Became renowned for his contribution in

the fields of educational psychology,
cognitive science, and science education.

e) Known for his Advance Organizers

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 Ausubel’s Theory

4 Processes for
Meaningful Reception Meaningful Learning
Advance Organizers
of Information

•Learner’s •Derivative Subsumption •Expository

Cognitive Structure
•Correlative Subsumption •Narrative
•Use of Advance
Graphic Organizer •Skimming
•Superordinate Learning

•Subsumption •Combinatorial Learning •Graphic Organizer

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 Is that knowledge is hierarchically organized;

That new information is

Main theme of meaningful to the extent that
it can be related to what the
Ausubel’s Theory
learners already known.

use of Advance Organizers as tool for learning.

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 Rote
Learning

Meaningful
Learning

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 The 4
Processes for
Meaningful
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This describes the situation in
which the new information you Derivative
learn is an example of a concept
that you have already learned. Subsumption

Existing knowledge + New knowledge = Learning

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EXAMPLE:

BIRD
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This describes that new
material is an extension or Correlative
elaboration of what is already
known. Subsumption

This is more ‘valuable’ learning than that of

derivative subsumption, since it enriches the
higher-level concept.
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EXAMPLE:

Common Bird Ostrich = BIRD

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 You already knew a
Superordinate
lot of examples of
Learning
the concept but you

SPECIFIC did not know the

to concept itself until
GENERAL it is taught to you.
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EXAMPLE:

F
R
U
I
T

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 Newly acquired
Combinatorial
knowledge combines
Learning
with prior knowledge
to enrich the
A lot like
understanding of both
ANALOGY. concepts.

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EXAMPLE:

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Advance
Organize
rs
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 O Popularized by Ausubel, first in 1968
R
A
G An instructional unit that is used before
D
A
V a new topic; sometimes called a hook.
N
A
I Designed to bridge the gap between what
N
Z
C
E the learner already knows and what
E
R
S he/she needs to know.
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E X P O S I T O R Y

N A R R A T I V E

S K I M M I N G

G R A P H I C O R G A N I Z E R
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