Project: Mở rộng mạng MAN-E Cisco 2015

IP Multicast Implementation
 Nội dung
Module 1 : Multicast Introduction

Module 2: IGMP and Layer 2 Issue

Module 3: Multicast Routing Protocol

Module 4: PIM SM Auto RP Announcement

Module 5: PIM SM and PIM SSM Configuration

Module 6: Introduce IPTV Model for MAN-E

Implement Multicast

Module 1: Multicast Introduction

Why Multicast ?
Multicast & Unicast
Multicast Advantages
Multicast Disadvantages
Type of Multicast Application
IP Multicast Application
IP Multicast Basic Addressing
IP Multicast Basic Addressing (cont.)
Layer 2 Multicast Addressing
Implement Multicast

Module 2: IGMP and Layer 2 Issue

IP Multicast Protocol Suite
IGMPv2
Multicast routers use IGMP to maintain information for each router interface
about which multicast group traffic they should forward and which hosts
want to receive it
IGMPv2 – Joining a Group
IGMPv2 – Maintaining a Group
IGMPv2 – Leaving a Group
IGMPv3 – Joining a Group
IGMPv3 – Changing a Group
Determining IGMP version running
Layer 2 Multicast Frame Switching
Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution
Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution - CGMP
Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution – IGMP Snooping
Implement Multicast

Module 3: Multicast Routing

Protocol
Multicast Protocol Basic
Shortest-Path Tree
Shortest-Path Tree (cont.)
Shared Distribution Tree
Multicast Distribution Tree Identification
Multicast Forwarding
PIM-DM Flood and Prune
PIM-DM Flood and Prune (cont.)
PIM-DM Flood and Prune (cont..)
PIM Sparse Mode
PIM-SM Shared Tree Join

1. The leaf routers knows the IP

address of the RP for group G
and sends a (*,G) Join for this
group towards the RP

2. Building a branch of the Shared

Tree that extends from the RP
to the last-hop router directly
connected to the receiver
PIM-SM Source Registration
1. Source encapsulates
multicast data in Register
Message and unicasts to
RP

2. RP encapsulates the
multicast data packet
inside of the Register
message and forwards it
down the Shared Tree

3. The RP also sends an

(S,G) Join back to the
source network S to
create a branch of an
(S,G) Shortest Path Tree
PIM-SM Source Registration (cont.)
1. As soon as the SPT is
build from teh Source
router to the RP,
multicast traffic begins to
flow natively from the
souce S to the RP

2. Once the RP begins

receiving data natively (ie
down the SPT) from
source S, it sends a
Register Stop to the
source's first hop router
to inform it that it can
stop sending the unicast
Register messages
PIM-SM Source Registration (cont..)
At this point, multicast traffic from the source is flowing down the SPT
to the RP and from there, down the Shared Tree to the receiver
PIM-SM SPT Switchover

The default behavior for the PIM-

SM leaf routers attached to active
receivers is to immediate join the
SPT to the source as soon as the
first packet arrives via the (*,G)
Shared Tree.

Can change SPT-Threshold –

meaning multicast traffic rate
before switchover
PIM SSM
• Source-Specific Multicast (SSM), defined in RFC 4607, extends this concept to identify a set of
multicast hosts not only by group address but also by source.

• IANA has reserved for SSM the IPv4 address

range 232.0.0.0/8
• PIM SSM uses PIM SM work with IGMPv3 to
build SPT only toward to Source.
• Advantages of PIM SSM
– SSM channel is defined by both a source and
a group address, group addresses can be re-
used by multiple sources while keeping
channels unique.
– SSM does not rely on the designation of a
rendezvous point (RP) to establish a
multicast tree.
Implement Multicast

Module 4: PIM SM Auto RP

Announcement
Auto RP Discovery Overview
Router can use one of the following three methods to learn the IP address of
an RP:
 The RP address can be statically configured on all the PIM-SM.
 The Cisco-proprietary Auto-RP protocol can be used to designate the RP and advertise
its IP address so that all PIM-SM routers can learn its IP address automatically.
 A standard BootStrap Router (BSR) protocol can be used to designate the RP and
advertise its IP address so that all the PIM-SM routers can learn its IP address
automatically.
Auto-RP Protocol
Step 1:
The RP sends RP-Announce
messages to the reserved
multicast address 224.0.1.39
stating that the router is an RP.
The RP-Announce message
also allows the router to
advertise the multicast groups for
which it is the RP, thereby
allowing some load-balancing of
the RP workload among different
routers.
Auto-RP Protocol
Step 2:
One router be configured as a
mapping agent.
The mapping agent multicasts
another message, called RP-
Discovery 224.0.1.40 to informs
the general router population as
to which routers they should use
as RPs.
Simple Auto RP Configuration
 BSR Protocol

1. The candidate-RPs send their

candidate-RP advertisements
directly to the elected BSR

2. The bootstrap message sent by

the BSR includes information about
all the candidate-RPs. BSR
message uses PIM Message hop-
by-hop on each router.

3. Each router uses a common

algorithm to select the same RP
address for a given multicast group
Simple BSR Configuration

On each router: ip multicast-routing

On each interface: ip pim sparse-mode

On Router A,C: ip pim rp-candidate loopback 0

On Router B: ip pim bsr-candidate loopback 0

Implement Multicast

Module 5: PIM SM & PIM SSM

Configuration
PIM-SM Configuration Commands
PIM-SM Configuration Commands (cont.)
Auto-RP configuration

BSR configuration
PIM SSM Configuration Commands
Enable PIM SSM
Inspect Multicast Routing Table
Show ip mroute
Finding PIM Neighbor
Show ip pim interface
Show ip pim neighbor
Show ip pim rp
IOS & IOS XR
Enable Multicast Routing Auto-RP Configuration

Static RP
IOS & IOS XR (cont.)
BSR Configuration Enable PIM SSM
Implement Multicast

Module 6: Introduce IPTV Model

For MAN-E
IPTV & VoD Service Model
VoD:

1. STB unicasts to EPG and VoD

Server
2. U-PE relays STB’s DHCP
message to DHCP server
3. User isolation at Metro
switches , DSLAM and
Bridge-domain split horison

IPTV:
1. IP Multicast from BTV server
to STB
2. Using PIM SSM for multicast
routing. U-PE & PE-AGG must
have routes to BTV server in
IP routing table.
3. U-PE must map IGMPv2 to
IGMPv3 in case of STB
doesn’t support IGMPv3
PIM SSM Mapping on U-PE
Example of configuring PIM SSM and SSM Mapping on U-PE
Project: Mở rộng mạng MAN-E Cisco 2015

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