Chapter 2 Generator

Excitation System

Speaker :Huang Haijun

 Part one The introduction of
excitation system
The excitation system of synchronous
generator is mainly composed of two parts :
 1) Excitation power unit
Excitation power unit is the excitation power
supply to provide DC exciting current to rotor
winding of synchronous generator.
 2) excitation regulator (device)
Excitation regulator is the device that control
output of excitation power unit which
according to the input signal of control
requirements and the adjustment criterion.
• The entire system is composed of excitation
regulator, excitation power unit and generator
itself, which is called excitation control system.
The main functions of excitation system
1)According to the change of generator load to correspondingly
adjust the exciting current in order to maintain the voltage of
generator terminal as a given value.
2) Control reactive power distribution of each generator which
runs in parallel.
3)Improve the static stability of the generators running in
parallel.
4)Improve the transient stability of the generator running in
parallel.
5)When the internal generator has malfunction, make field
discharged to minimize breakdown losses.
6)Make maximum excitation limits and minimum excitation
limit for the generators according to the operation
requirements.
 The performance requirements of
excitation system for 600MW units
• The basic requirements are as follow
1) Excitation energy should satisfy the demands
under the various working conditions when
generator is normal or fault.
2) Ensure the reliability and stability of
generators operation.
3) It should be able to maintain a constant
terminal voltage of the generators and
guarantee a certain precision. The parallel
units could stably share the reactive power.
4) With a certain strong excitation capacity.
When the strong excitation is 2 times, response
ratio is 3.5 times.
5) In lock of excitation area to guarantee
generators operate normally.
6) Protection for over-voltage and over
magnetic flux.
7) Provide positive damping for the unit
oscillation, improve the dynamic stability.
Part two SPPA-E3000-SES530 type
self-shunt excitation of static
excitation system
The 622 MW unit excitation system of this project mainly
adopts the Siemens SIMOREG 6RA70 series products
excitation regulator, The Set of excitation system produced
by China Zhang Yu Electric Company, static excitation
systems for synchronous generator model SPPA-E3000-
SES530;,
SPPA-E3000-SES 530 excitation system
introduction

• Siemens self shunt excitation system group mainly use

the all-digital control device for which SIMOREG 6RA70
series rectifying device is of the power supply of the
three-phase AC current, the structure is compactness,
and the system can be expanded through parallel
connection with the SIMOREG rectifying device

• The main components of it are: excitation transformer,

excitation regulator, silicon controlled rectifier, the
magnetizing excitation and de-excitation unit.
 The operation and adjustment of excitation
system.
The main control methods of SPPA-E3000-SES530
excitation system are as follow:
1) Conduct the remote control with the screen monitor
control command in the control room.
2)Conduct the local control with local control unit (local
control screen) integrated in the excitation system.
 The main control mode of SPPA-E3000-
SES530 excitation system
1)Local / Manual Operation Mode - Regulation Mode of
the Excitation Current
The set value of excitation current is regarded as the
regulation foundation of the regulator under this mode.
The set value of excitation current is directly input in the
OP panel. This mode is only used in the commissioning
installation or emergency.
2) Local / Automatic Operation Mode - Voltage
Regulation Mode at the Engine End
The set value of the voltage of generator terminal is
regarded as the regulation foundation of the regulator
under this mode. This mode is only used in the
commissioning installation or emergency.
 The main control mode of SPPA-E3000-
SES530 excitation system
1)Local / Manual Operation Mode - Regulation Mode of
the Excitation Current
The set value of excitation current is regarded as the
regulation foundation of the regulator under this mode.
The set value of excitation current is directly input in the
OP panel. This mode is only used in the commissioning
installation or emergency.
2) Local / Automatic Operation Mode - Voltage
Regulation Mode at the Engine End
The set value of the voltage of generator terminal is
regarded as the regulation foundation of the regulator
under this mode. This mode is only used in the
commissioning installation or emergency.
 The main control mode of SPPA-E3000-
SES530 excitation system
3) Remote / Manual Running Mode - Regulation Mode
of the Excitation Current
The set value of excitation current is regarded as the
regulation foundation of the regulator under this mode.
The set value of excitation current is input in the control
room, and when the transmission mode is the
communication way, the analog value can be directly
input in control room, or the set value of excitation
current can be given in the mode of excitation increase
and decrease. If the transmission mode is only provided
with hard-wired method, the set value is generally given
with the mode of excitation increase and decrease
 The main control mode of SPPA-E3000-
SES530 excitation system
4) Remote / Automatic Operation Mode – Voltage
Regulation Mode at the Engine End
Such operation mode is a half of operation mode of the
excitation regulator, i.e. fully automatic operation mode.
The monitoring room only records its feedback value.
The set value of the generator terminal voltage is
regarded as the regulation foundation of the regulator
under this mode. In other words, only the generator end
voltage is adjusted. Some effects will bring on the
reactive power and power factor, when the generator is
grid-connected, the generator end voltage will be
adjusted
 The main control mode of SPPA-E3000-
SES530 excitation system
4) Remote / Automatic Operation Mode – Voltage
Regulation Mode at the Engine End
Such operation mode is a half of operation mode of the
excitation regulator, i.e. fully automatic operation mode.
The monitoring room only records its feedback value.
The set value of the generator terminal voltage is
regarded as the regulation foundation of the regulator
under this mode. In other words, only the generator end
voltage is adjusted. Some effects will bring on the
reactive power and power factor, when the generator is
grid-connected, the generator end voltage will be
adjusted
 The control principle of excitation system
The redundancy design of siemens excitation system means
that the system contains two sets of completely identical
control systems (main set and subordinate set). Each set
of the control system contains exactly the same. Under
the state of normal operation of the system, only a set of
control system is operated to send out the triggering pulse
to rectifier bridge. Another set in the reheating wait state
monitors the controller in working condition, so that the
control work is successfully and smoothly taken over
under the fault state. The subordinate set does not output,
but the set value of the subordinate set always trails the
actual value of the main set,so that two sets of systems
are always in the synchronization state during the waiting
process.
Check before the start of the excitation system

1) The maintenance of the system has been completed.

2) Control cabinet and power cabinet are read for running
and being locked properly.
3) The generator in the standby state, the temporary
ground wire has been removed.
4) The control power of field discharge switch and the
regulator power have been powered on.
5) No alarm signal and fault information.
6) The excitation system has been switched to remote
control mode.
7) The excitation system has been switched to automatic
operation mode.
8) The generator has reached the rated speed (Check the
displayed revolving speed in the display meter.)
 The Start-up of excitation system
• Note Start-up Conditions
1. GCB of the generator is off
2. n>90%
3. No shutdown command and trip signals
4. Auxiliary power of Build excitation is supply
 The shutdown of excitation system
• Note: when the generator outlet switch is in the
switch-off state, the shutdown command can be
executed.
• When require emergency shutdown excitation system,
you can use the emergency stop button on the control
panel in the control room