THE CHARACTERISTICS OF

THE 6 KINGDOMS OF LIFE

 Alive?
• To be considered living, an organism must…

– Contain all 7 characteristics of life

• DNA
• Reproduce
• Use energy
• Adapt
• Respond to Stimuli
• Made of cells
• Grow and Develop
 Leopard Gecko Leaf Tailed Gecko

Kingdom Anamalia Anamalia

Phylum Chordata Chordata

Class Reptilia Reptilia

Order Squamata Squamata

Family Gekkonidae Gekkonidae

Genus Eublepharis Uroplatus

Species Macularius Phantaticus
 WHY CLASSIFY?
To know how many known species
there are in the world

To know the characteristics of each

species

To know the relationships between

species
7 Kingdom = Largest Group
6 Phylum

5 Class

4 Order

3 Family

2 Genus

1 Species
 Animal Kingdom

* Food – Cannot make their own food.

* Multi-cellular organisms
* They have a nucleus (eukaryotic)
* Can move on their own.
Reproduction – Asexual and sexual

Examples – Humans, crustaceans, spiders,

insects, fish, birds, mammals, sponges,
hydras, coral, worms, etc.
 Examples of Animals

Sea horse
Sea anemone butterfly

Great
Poison White
Dart Shark
hydra frog human
 Plant Kingdom
* Food – make their own food by photosynthesis.
*Multi-cellular
* They have a nucleus (eukaryotic)
* Cannot move on their own.

Reproduction – Sexually and asexually

Examples – rose, cactus, grass, daisy, ferns,

trees
Examples of Plant Kingdom
 Kingdom Fungi
* Food – do not make their own food.
Decomposers
* Unicellular and multicellular.
* Have a nucleus (eukaryotic)
* Cannot move
Reproduction – Sexual and Asexual
Examples – yeast, mushrooms, mold,
mildew, athletes foot, ringworm
 Examples of Fungi

Athletes Foot Bread mold

mushroom

Foot Fungus
yeast Bread mold
magnified
ringworm
 Kingdom Protists
* Food – Some make their own food
(plantlike); others cannot (animal-like).
* Unicellular and Multi-cellular
* They have a nucleus (eukaryotic)
* Some can move on their own.

Reproduction – Asexual & Sexual

Examples – Euglena, paramecium, amoeba,
slime mold, volvox, algae,diatoms, giant kelp
 Examples of Protists

Paramecium
Algae Amoeba

Volvox

Euglena Fission Stentor

Red algae
 KINGDOM EUBACTERIA
*Food – Some can make their own food:
other cannot.
* Unicellular organisms.
* No Nucleus (prokaryotic)
* Some move and other do not.
Reproduction – asexual
Roles: decomposers, food makers, help
digest food, clean oil spills, makes nitrogen
rich soil(helps plants grow), etc.
 Examples of Eubacteria

Anthrax

Bacteria help digest

food Strep

E. Coli

Binary Fission Blue green algae

 Kingdom Archaebacteria

This hot, sulfur-rich, acidic pool in Yellowstone

National Park is home to species of Archea,
including Sulfolobus.

Some archaens live 1000’s of miles deep

in the ocean near superheated volcanic
vents.
 KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA
* Food- Some cannot make their own food;
others do.
* Unicellular organisms
* No Nucleus (prokaryotic)
* Some can move and other
cannot
Reproduction – asexual

Three main types – salt loving, heat

loving, and methane makers, harsh
environments
 Let’s Practice
Which kingdom does each
organism belong?
Eubacteria

Animal

Protists
protists plant
Fungus
Eubacteria

Animal Archaebacteria
Fungus
animal
 BELLRINGERS
1. Define: living, dead, nonliving.

2. Give examples of living, nonliving and dead objects.

3. Describe how you would know if an object is living or

nonliving?

4. Define: multicellular, unicellular, autotroph, heterotroph

5. Define: prokaryotic cell, eukaryotic cell

6. Define: taxonomy, classification, kingdom, organism

Bellringer: Define:
classification, taxonomy
List 3 ways humans use
classification every day.
Classification of living things
 THE SCIENCE OF CLASSIFICATION
Humans naturally like to put objects into
groups in order to make sense out of the
world around us.

For example, at home you organize your

socks from your pants, your forks from
your cups.

Grouping objects according

Classification - to their similar
characteristics.
Taxonomy - The science of classifying living things.
 WHY CLASSIFY?
To know how many known species
there are in the world

To know the characteristics of each

species

To know the relationships between

species
SCIENTISTS BEHIND TAXONOMY

Aristotle was the

first person to come up
with a classification
system for living
things. He divided
animals into three
groups: those that
walked, those that
swam and those that
flew. Why was this
not the best
classification system
for animals?
NOT SO FAST ARISTOTLE!!!

In the 1700’s, Carolus

Linnaeus disagreed with
Aristotle’s classification
system. He invented the
modern classification system we
use today. It is called
BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE.

Today, scientists group

organisms not only by their
physical characteristics BUT
by their evolutionary
relationships (ancient
ancestors).
 LINNAEUS’ SYSTEM OF
CLASSIFICATION
Binomial Nomenclature – A naming system that
gives every living thing a TWO word name. This
unique two word name is called the SCIENTIFIC
NAME.
Uses LATIN the language of scientists.
Scientific names are always written in
italics if typed or underlined if
handwritten
The first word is the GENUS and is always
CAPITALIZED.
The second word is the SPECIES and is always
LOWER CASE.
 7 LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION
1. Kingdom 7. Species

2. Phylum **A scientific name is

the genus and species.
3. Class Katie
Put
4. Order Cream
On
5. Family Fresh
Green
6. Genus Strawberries
 WHY TWO NAMES FOR
EVERYTHING?
 Because people speak in more than one
language
Because people give objects more than
one name.
for example:
What is the name of this cat?
Mountain lion All are correct
puma but its ONE
cougar scientific name
American is Felis
Lion concolor
 LET’S PRACTICE
Which scientific names are written correctly?

HOMO SAPIEN
Felis
Tyrannosaurus rex domesticus

panthera leo Canis Lupus

elephas Maximus
 LOOKING FOR RELATIONSHIPS
Remember that one of the goals of
classification is to find out how certain living
things may be related to one another.

What makes a living thing part of the

Animal Kingdom? Cannot
Eukaryotic
Multicellular Locomotion make its
own food
ARE ALL OF THESE ANIMALS?
 7 LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION
1. Kingdom 7. Species

2. Phylum **A scientific name is

the genus and species.
3. Class Katie
Put
4. Order Cream
On
5. Family Fresh
Green
6. Genus Strawberries
KINDOM
ANIMAL
PHYLUM
CHORDATA
CLASS
MAMMALIA
ORDER
CARNIVORA
FAMILY
FELIDAE
GENUS
Panthera
SPECIES
leo
Phylogeny – the evolutionary history of an organism
PHYLOGENY OF MAN
Kingdom - Animalia

Phylum - Chordata (having a spinal cord)

Class - Mammalia (have hair, give milk)

Order - Primates (walk mostly on 2 legs)

Family - Homindae (advanced brain that can

think and reason)
Genus - Homo

Species - sapien
 PHYLOGENY OF THE WOLF

Kingdom - Animalia

Phylum - Chordata

Class - Mammalia

Order - Carnivora

Family - Canidae

Genus - Canis

Species - lupus