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Spirulina Cultivation General Information
Spirulina Cultivation General Information
Algae’s uses light energy to break the abundant carbon dioxide and
water molecules into carbon food compounds, releasing free
oxygen…
“ Spirulina“
Scientific Name
"Arthrospira platensis"
Cyanobacteria
A 3.5 billion year old life form
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1. Infrastructure development
2. Medium preparation
3. Testing
4. Culture development & Maintaining
5. Harvesting
6. Drying and Packing
7. Marketing
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1. INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT:
– Area layout
– Pond design
– Ground infrastructure
– Outside walls and channel dividers
– Pond lining (none, clay, conceret, asphalt, fiberglass, plastic sheeting,
others)
– Agitation (paddle wheels, pumps, airlift, moving board, others)
– Pumping & Harvesting equipments
– Drying equipments
– Packaging equipments
Pond design – Raceway pond SPIRULINA
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Pond design – Raceway pond and tanks
Pond design – Centre pivot pond SPIRULINA
Pond design – Cascade pond SPIRULINA
Pond design – Big bag pond system SPIRULINA
Pond design – Photo bio reactor system SPIRULINA
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2. Medium Preparation:
1. Water and
2. Nutrients.
Water, most important raw material needed for medium preparation.
– Water should be clean,
– Free from heavy metals,
– Free from chlorides &
– Should be abundantly found.
Nutrients are otherwise called as fertilizers are mainly used for synthetic
medium preparation.
- Fertilizers must be free from additives,
- Good in quality
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5. Harvesting:
* Harvesting shall be done in two stages:
1. Dust filtration
2. Sedimentation
Extruded Spirulina
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Dried Spirulina
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General properties
General properties:
Phyto nutrients:
• Phycocyanin (blue colour) - 14%
• Chlorophyll (Green colour) - 1%
• Cartenoids (Orange colour) - 47%
• Cryptoxanthine (Yellow colour)
• Porphyrin ( Red colour)
• Xanthophyll
• Echinenone
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONOF SPIRULINA:
For 10 g dry weight
Content Amount
• Proteins - 6.5 g
• Beta carotene - 14 mg
• Vitamin C - 2 mg
• Thiamin (B1) - 0.37 mg
• Riboflavin(B2) - 0.46 mg
• Niacin - 1.3 mg
• Calcium - 150 mg
• Iron - 18 mg
• Vitamin E - 0.4 mg
• Vitamin B 6 - 0.07 mg
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONOF SPIRULINA:
For 10 g dry weight
Content Amount
• Vitamin B 12 - 0.02 mg
• Phosphorus - 67 mg
• Magnesium - 32 mg
• Copper - 0.1 mg
• Phycocyanin - 1 500 mg
• Gamma-linoleic acid- 100 mg
• Chlorophyll - 110 mg
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Uses of Spirulina:
1.Light
Light intensity
Photoperiod
Light quality
3. pH
• pH regulates the uptake of essential nutrients such as
nitrate and phosphate to the culture.
• pH should be maintained around 10 to 11.
• Increase in pH leads to decrease in growth rate.
• pH increase when temperature raises.
• Decrease in pH contaminates the culture.
• Growth decreases when pH exceeds 12.
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4. Nutrients
• Nutrients & CO2 are the most crucial factors limiting
growth in microalgae.
• Fast growth of biomass production requires nitrogen,
phosphorus and carbon as they are essential
components for formation of proteins, enzymes,
lipids, genetic materials and other cellular
constituents.
• Iron, a key chemical component in photosynthesis,
low primary productivity is often associated with
iron-deficient culture despite the abundant supply of
other essential nutrients.
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5. Contamination
• Microalgal cultures are contaminated usually by
heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and
arsenic.
• Foreign microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria,
viruses, protozoa, predatory and zooplankton as well
as other unwanted algae can lead to unstable growth
conditions.
• Bacterial infection can also occur and their presence
in the culture usually increases turbidity, thus
reducing the amount of light available to the
microalgal cells.
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Contaminated Spirulina Culture – Microscopic view
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Contaminated Spirulina Culture – Microscopic view
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Contaminated Spirulina Culture – Microscopic view
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Contaminated Spirulina Culture – Microscopic view
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Contaminated Spirulina Culture – Microscopic view
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Contaminated Spirulina Culture – Microscopic view
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Spirulina culture
troubleshooting
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Our Team
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THANK YOU…
Presentation by
S.GANESH B.E., M.B.A.,
for
SREE ANNAI SPIRULINA FARM
GUDIYATTAM, VELLORE DISTRICT.