Singular and Plural Nouns

Teacher Marta Trenado

Singular VS Plural
• A singular noun names one person, place,
thing, or idea.
• One cat, one store, one item
• A plural noun names two or more persons,
places, things, or ideas.
• Two cats, four stores, fifteen items
First Rule to form Plural Nouns
Most words add ‘s’ to make the plural

• one apple two apples

• desk → desks month → months
• book → books train → trains
• pen → pens name → names
• shop → shops friend → friends
• chair → chairs teacher →teachers
Second Rule
Add ‘es’ to words ending in ‘ch’, ‘sh’, ‘s’, ‘ss’, ‘x’
or ‘z’ to make the plural.

• one box many boxes

• wish → wishes beach → beaches
• cross → crosses waltz → waltzes
• bus → buses church → churches
• dish → dishes loss → losses
• fox → foxes bunch → bunches
Third Rule
• When the letter before a ‘y’ is a consonant,
change the ‘y’ to an ‘ies’.

one baby two babies

• city → cities berry → berries

• pony → ponies family → families
• reply → replies lady → ladies
Fourth Rule
• When words end in a vowel+ “Y” (ay’, ‘ey’, ‘iy’,
’oy’, and ‘uy’) add an ‘s’ to make the plural.

one donkey two donkeys

• day → days boy → boys
• key → keys delay → delays
• play → plays guy → guys
Fifth Rule
When words end in ‘f’ or ‘fe’ change the ‘f’ or ‘fe’ to
a ‘v’ +‘es’.
• one knife two knives

• leaf → leaves life → lives

• half → halves hoof → hooves
• wife → wives thief → thieves
Sixth Rule
• When a word ends in an ‘o’ and comes after a
consonant, add ‘es’ to make the plural.
• one tomato two tomatoes

• echo → echoes hero → heroes

• volcano →volcanoes potato → potatoes

** Those words related to “music” we only add “s”

Piano- pianos Radio- radios
Cello- cellos
Irregular Plurals
Same form Sing- Plural
What happen with….

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SAVINGS

SCISSORS

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