The advent of Islam and

Muslim Rule in South

Asia
The Arab Conquest of Sind (712 AD) :

 Part of a grand design,

 Conquests under Al-Waleed I: Sind, North Africa,
Spain and Central Asia .
 First encounter with the Hindus,
 Consequences
The Mughal Empire (16th to 19th
Century AD:
 The largest empire under the Mughals. Conquest of the South, A glorious
period.

In the month of Ramazan, in the year AD 1494 and in the Twelfth year of my life, I
became king of …….
Mughal Dresses
Spread of Islam:
The role of sufi saints and their silsilahs
(orders): The Qadiriyah, Naqshbandiyah,
Chishtiyash and Suhrwardiyah.
The sufis spread the message of Islam far
and wide
Impact on Hinduism:
Movements against caste system and idol
worship–Bhakti, Sikhism, Akbar’s Deen-e-
Ilahi and Mujaddid Alf-e-Sani.
 Culturalimpact:
A new culture developed, the Indo-
Muslim culture with its distinguished
characteristics. Muslims also adopted
many local customs and traditions.
Shah Waliullah and his teachings.
Historiography, Education,
Architecture, Music and Arts.
Literature: development of Urdu and
local languages.
Administration.
Causes of Decline of Mughal Empire:

 Expansion of the Empire.

 Commerce and Industry.
 Military.
 Religious Intolerence.