ANIMAL

REPRODUCTION
DARRYL G. BAYONA
SHS TEACHER
FOR YOU…
What do you think are
advantages and disadvantages
of the two methods or types of
reproduction in animal
reproduction?
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
Like plants, animals need to
reproduce in order to increase the
chance of the perpetuation of their
species.
But unlike plants, there is an
assumption that animals reproduced
only through the process of fertilization,
or the fusion of the sperm cell and egg
cell.
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
Actually, like plants, some animals
also used asexual or sexual or both
methods of sexual reproduction.
Sexual reproduction is the
process of joining the haploid gametes
(sex cells) to form a diploid cell called a
zygote.
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
A zygote, eventually becomes
an embryo and later on develop
into an organism.
The female gamete is an egg
cell, is usually non-motile, to
ensure survival of the embryo by
storing energy.
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
1. Budding - occurs when
individuals arise throughout the
outgrowths from a parent. This
can create a colony of
individuals attached to a parent,
such as in corals.
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
1. Budding

Hydra

Yeast
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
2. Fission - is the separation or
division of an organism to form
individuals of approximately
same size. This is usually
observed in animal-like
protists.
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
2. Fission
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
3. Fragmentation and Regeneration -
Fragmentation is when an
organism is split into fragments,
and each fragment grows into
complete, individual organisms that
are clones of the original organism.
In fragmentation, both parts
produce new organisms.
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
3. Fragmentation and Regeneration -
Regeneration is the process of
regrowth that organisms that allows
for partial or complete regrowth of
tissue after a damaging event. In
regeneration, when it is not for
reproduction, the separated part
cannot grow into a new organism.
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
3. Fragmentation and Regeneration -
Sponges, annelids, cnidarians
and tunicates are examples of this
mode of reproduction.
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
3. Fragmentation and Regeneration

Planaria
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
3. Fragmentation and Regeneration
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
3. Fragmentation and Regeneration

Hydra
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
4. Parthenogenesis - is like
apomixes in plants, where the
egg cell develops without
fertilization. This is exhibited by
bees, wasps, lizards, sharks.
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
4. Parthenogenesis
In humans…
METHODS OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
4. Parthenogenesis
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
Just like in plant reproduction,
sexual reproduction is disadvantageous
in terms of energy expenditure but is
advantageous due to the genetic
variation it creates.
It allows organism to perpetuate in
an unstable environment where factors
such as diseases can decrease the
survival rate of the population.
ANIMAL
REPRODUCTION
Meanwhile, asexual reproduction
is a method of reproduction which
lessens energy expenditure in animals,
as fully formed individuals are
produced, increasing the chance of
survival.