THE

CAMPAIGN
FOR
REFORMS
Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and
Jacinto Zamora
– the unjust execution of the three
Filipino priests was turning point in
Philippines History, for it ushered in a new
era – the reform movement.

The Role of the Middle Class

- 19th century
- Spanish and Chinese mestizos
- well defined classes:
Peninsulares = Spaniards born in Spain
Insulares= Spaniards born in the
Philippines
- indios ( natives )
- Governor-General Basilio Augustin
- 1898
- General Carlos Maria de la Torre
- became governor in 1969
- July 12, 1869
- Mestizos and Insulares
- Jose Burgos, Maximo Paterno, Angel
Garchitorena,Joaquin Pardo de Tavera,
Andres Nieto, Manuel Genato and others,
- 1872 to 1882

- Assimilation
General Carlos Maria de la
Torre
The Great Reformists
- Graciano Lopez Jaena, Marcelo
H. del Pilar, Jose Rizal, Antonio
Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose M.
Panginiban, Eduardo de Lete and
others
Graciano Lopez Jaena
- Jaro, IloIlo
- December 17, 1856
- Placido Lopez and Maria Jacoba Jaena
- Studied at Seminary of Jaro
- Fray Botod
1880 - He secretly left Philippines, and enrolled in
Medicine at the Uiversity of Valencia.
- He later transferred to Madrid and distinguish
himself as a great orator.
 - His first greatest oratorical triumphs
occurred in Madrid in 1882 during
the celebration of the International
Congress of Commercial Geography.

- Fr. Ramon Martinez Vigil

- 1888 at Teatro de Madrid, on the

391st anniversary of the
“discovery” of America

- Venezuelan Minister to Spain Dr.

Calcano
 - In 1889 the Filipino Rermists founded the
newspaper La Solidaridad

- February 15

- Pablo Rianzares (financer)

-Lopez Jaena (editor)

- In 1891, Jaena published a book titled

Discursos y Articulos Varios.

- Mariano Ponce

- Died due to Tuberculosis, January 20, 1896

in Barcelona
Macelo H. Del Pilar
 Marcelo H. Del Pilar
- Political Analyst of the Filipino Colony in Spain
- Born in barrio of Kupang, Bulakan, Bulakan
- August 30, 1850
- Julian H. Del Pilar and Blasa Gatmaitan
- Studied at College of San Jose and University of
Santo Tomas where he finished his Law course
in1880
- 1878 he married his cousin Marciana Del Pilar.
- Anita and Sofia
-1882 (he founded the nationalistic newspaper Diariong Tagalog)
- 1888 (he gave his life wholly to the propagation)
- Jose Rodriguez
- Caingat Cayo
-Dolores Manapat
- Vicente Garcia of Tanawan Batangas (V. Garia)
- Dasalan at Toksohan
 “Ten Commandments of the Friars”
1. Thou shalt worship and love the friars
above all.
2. Thou shalt not cheat them of their
stipends.
3. Thou shalt sanctify the friar, Sundays
or Holidays.
4. Thou shalt pawn thyself to pay for the
burial of thy father and mother.
5. Thou shouldst not die if thou hast not
the money to pay for thine internment.
6. Thou shall not cover his wife.
7. Thou shalt not steal with him.
8. Thou shalt not accuse him even
if thou be called a liar.
9. Thou shalt not refuse him your
wife.
10. Thou shalt not deny him your
property.

The ten commandments of the

Friars boil down to two things: first,
worship the friar above all, and
second, offer him thy honor and
wealth.
- Dupluhan
- Kadakilaan ng Dios
- Pasiong Dapat Ipag-alab nang Puso nang Tauong Babasa
- Sagot nang Espana sa Hibik ng Filipinas
- Dudas
- La Soberania Monacal
- La Frailocracia Filipina
-October 1888 (he left for
spain)
- December 1889 (he
became the editor of Sol)
Under del Pilar, the aims of the
Sol were expanded to include:
1. The removal of the friars and the
secularization of the parishes.
2. Active participation in the affairs
of the government.
3. Freedom of speech, of the press
and the assembly.
4. A wider social and political
freedom
5. Equality before the law
6. Assimilation
7. Representation in the Spanish
Cortes
- Died on July 04, 1896
- La Politico de Espana en Filipina