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Introduction To Evaporation - Food1040 No Pictures
Introduction To Evaporation - Food1040 No Pictures
Food1040 module
Malcolm Povey
University of Leeds
Evaporator basics
http://www.apv.com/anhydro/evapo/anhevap.htm
Liquid distribution
One of the most important issues influencing
the effectiveness of the evaporation is the
distribution of the liquid on the inner walls.
To make the evaporation effective the liquid
film on the inner walls should be as thin as
possible. However, if the film is too thin, the
product will burn on the walls, therefore it is
very important to be able to control the
thickness of the film also known as "the
wetting rate".
http://www.apv.com/anhydro/evapo/anhevap.htm
Typical applications
q ~(θs - θp)
More specifically :-
Equation 1
q = U.A. (θs - θp)
= U.A. Δθ
Where
A = heat exchange area = 0.251 m2
steaminlet steamoutlet
U = overall heat transfer coefficient 2
θs = average steam temperature in the calandria jacket
θp = product temperature at boiling point (boiling set point)
Energy consumption
http://www.apv.com/anhydro/evapo/anhevap.htm
Evaporator pictures and
applications
Single effect recompression
•Corn Syrup
•Gelatin
•Salt
•Soybean Oil
•Steepwater
•Sugar
•Whey
Falling Film Plate & Tubular
Evaporators
The unique liquid distribution
•Short residence time
•Low temperature difference
with
•Single pass operation
•Even shorter residence time
•Larger capacities
Typical applications are:
•Milk, whey and milk products
•Fruit juices , Various vitamins , Pharmaceuticals
•Essence recovery
Falling film evaporator
http://www.swenson-
equip.com/vrml.html
Rising/Falling Film Plate
Evaporators
•The unique liquid distribution
•Short residence time
•Low temperature difference
Typical applications are:
•Milk, whey and milk products
•Fruit juices
•Various vitamins
•Pharmaceuticals
•Essence recovery
Rising Film Plate Evaporators
http://www.swenson-equip.com/index.html
Forced circulation evaporator
Evaporator Diagrams
Falling film evaporator
Forced Convection with steam jet
recompression
Multiple effect evaporator
Wiped Film
Evaporator