November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.

15-09-0770-00

802 Smart Grid Tutorial

November 16, 2009

ZigBee Smart Energy

Hyatt Regency
Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Submission Slide 1 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Typical ZigBee Markets

Demand Response
Net Metering
Security TV
AMI, SCADA
HVAC VCR
AMR ENERGY MGT. DVD/CD
Lighting Control & EFFICIENCY CONSUMER Universal
BUILDING
Access Control AUTOMATION ELECTRONICS Remotes

Patient
monitoring Mouse
Fitness Keyboard
monitoring PERSONAL PC & Joystick
HEALTH CARE PERIPHERALS

TELECOM Security
Asset Mgt SERVICES
HVAC
Process Control M-commerce Lighting Control
Environmental Info Services Access Control
INDUSTRIAL HOME
Energy Mgt Object Interaction CONTROL Irrigation
CONTROL
(Internet of Things)
Submission Slide 2 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee Network Interoperability

Application ZDO
Manufacturer Specific
Application
App Support (APS)
SSP
NWK
ZigBee
Compliant Medium Access (MAC)
Platform
Physical Radio (PHY)

• Ensures Network Communications but

not Product Interoperability
• There are multiple Compliant Platforms
to choose from
Submission Slide 3 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee Product Interoperability

ZigBee Standard
Public Application Profile

ZigBee
Compliant
Product

• Products with the same application profiles

interoperate end to end
• ZigBee has published a set of Public Application
Profiles ensuring end product interoperability
Submission Slide 4 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Current ZigBee Applications

• ZigBee Home Automation (ZHA)
• ZigBee Smart Energy (ZSE)
• Commercial Building Automation (CBA)
• ZigBee Health Care (ZHC)
• ZigBee Telecom Services (ZTS)

• ZigBee RF4CE Remote Control Not Final

+Future profiles proposed by member companies…

Submission Slide 5 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Smart Energy & Home Automation

Urgent demand for Smart Energy + compatibility with mainstream
Home Automation systems enables customer choice

Utility AMI
Network

Energy Services
Portal
(Electric Meter or Gateway)

Programmable
Communicating
Thermostat (PCT)

In-Home
Display

ZigBee
HAN
Load Control
HVAC Device Mobile
System Phone

Submission Slide 6 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Utility Requirements for HANs

Utility AMI
• Retail products
Network
• Competitive market/ No
Energy vendor lock-in
Gateway

Electric Tstat • Low cost

Meter
HVAC
System
• Solutions for the Global
ZigBee Market
HAN
Smart • Large pool of people
Appliances
who understand the
Water Meter
Home Automation
System
technology
Gas Meter
Lighting Controls • High levels of security
Submission Slide 7 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee Smart Energy Profile

• Supported Features Include:
– Basic metering [measurements, historical info, etc]
– Demand Response (DR) and Load Control
– Pricing [multiple units & currencies, price tiers, etc.]
– Text messages
– Device support for Programmable Communicating
Thermostats (PCTs), Load Controllers,
Energy Management Systems,
In Home Displays (IHDs), etc.
– Security to allow consumer only,
utility only, or shared networks
– Support for water and gas
Submission Slide 8 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZSE Security and Authentication

Device
• Security is critical requirement
Certificate
Authority – Smart meter must have secure
Key Distribution communications for safe smart
grid
– HAN devices & meters must
have strong authentication to
assure authorized devices and
use

• Utilizes a Certificate Authority for the

device keys

• Incorporates an Out-of-Band step for

an added layer of security
Secure
Link
• Process has been independently
audited and approved by Carnegie-
Mellon
Submission Slide 9 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Centerpoint Energy Vision

Submission Slide 10 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

TXU Energy Broadband Project

• ZigBee enabled thermostats and gateways
– Active program launched in June 2008
– Self installation by home owner
• Plug and Play
• Integrates ZigBee technology into
home area networks
• Internet based demand
response program

Submission Slide 11 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

TXU System Architecture

iThermostat

Comverge LMS
System

iThermostat

Internet
Ethernet-ZigBee
Gateway
ConnectWare
Software

Submission Slide 12 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

TXU Energy iThermostat Website

Submission Slide 13 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee - Looking Forward PLC

Utility Network
ZigBee IP Stack
ZigBee 802.15.4 / PLC / Other
/ PRO

Secure
Secure Interface
Interface ZigBee/PRO
Enhancements
New
ZigBee +
Profile
/ PRO ZigBee Green
Power

ZigBee / PRO

Proxy Interface Proxy Interface

ZigBee RF4CE
Not Final Not Final

Today Tomorrow

Submission Slide 14 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

14
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Enhanced ZigBee Smart Energy

• Integration with ZigBee IP stack and PLC
• Exploits the benefits of wireless and wired
• Support for Forward-Thinking Developments
(PHEVs, Distributed Generation, etc.)
• Working closely with IEC, EPRI, AHAM, SAE,
ESMIG, and others on requirements
• Other Improvements based
on continuing feedback
and Market needs
• One of the initial 16
on the NIST list for the Smart Grid

Submission Slide 15 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Why a ZigBee IP stack?

• The United States Congress suggested it in relation

to Stimulus Funding access and US utilities are now
requiring it as part of their future networks.
• Offers alternatives not new capabilities
• What will be in it?
– MAC – 15.4 2006 with MAC security
– 6lowPAN packet format and fragmentation
– ROLL routing
– Plus other features essential to effective sensor
networks
Submission Slide 16 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
16
 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Smart Energy 2.0 and ZigBee IP Background

• US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
– Direction on standards selection
• UCA International OpenSG
– OpenHAN System Requirements Specification (SRS)
– Market Requirements Document (MRD) and Use Cases for Smart
Energy 2.0
• ZigBee
– Developing IETF based IP stack for IEEE 802.15.4 based
platforms based on OpenHAN SRS and Smart Energy 2.0 MRD
• HomePlug
– Developing IEEE P1901 compliant powerline carrier solutions:
HomePlug AV and HomePlug SE
• Recognized Standards Development Organizations (SDOs)
– IETF, IEC, IEEE, W3C
Submission Slide 17 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
17
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee IP Architecture Overview

• Meets Smart Energy 2.0 MRD:
– “Shall source existing standards from
internationally recognized standards bodies with
preferential treatment given to the following
standards bodies: IEEE, IETF, IEC, ISO, and the
W3C
• Where standards do not exist, new standards shall be
proposed and developed within these organizations “
– “Clean layered architecture”

Submission Slide 18 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

18
 November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee IP Standards Selection

• IEEE 802.15.4-2006 with some extensions proposed in task group 4e
• IETF networking standards:
– 6LowPAN (RFC 4944)
– IPv6 (RFC 2460)
– UDP, ICMP (probably not TCP)
– ROLL (in Internet-Draft form now)
• IEC standards
– 61968 CIM
– Extensions from ZigBee SE and OASIS (harmonized back into the CIM)
• W3C standards
– EXI (probably, though could be another tokenized XML solution)

• Missing technology we are working on in other standards groups:

– Binary HTTP, SOAP over UDP or similar binary web services transport
protocol (though IETF 6LowAPP or Transport Work Group)
– Embedded Service Location Protocol (SLP) (through IETF)
– MAC enhancements (in IEEE 802.15 task group 4e)
– Meter Access Side Communications standard (in IEEE 802.15 task group 4g)
Submission Slide 19 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
19
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZigBee Smart Energy 2.0 Development Plan

• MAC/PHY
– IEEE 802.15.4-2006
– HomePlug AV/SE
– Interoperate with any other MAC/PHY (WiFi,
Ethernet, etc.)
• Networking
– IETF standards
• Application
– Aligned with IEC 61968 CIM
– Message syntax defined through XML

Submission Slide 20 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

20
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

ZSE 2.0-- Process Going Forward

• IETF IP networking stack (aligns with PAP 1)
• PAP 3, 4, 9 and 10 align with the IEC 61968 CIM.
ZigBee SE 2.0 and OASIS will create syntax from the
model
• IEEE 802.15.4 aligns with PAP 2
• NIST Phase 3 – Certification (defined at the end of
2009)
– Align ZigBee Smart Energy V2 certification and
interoperability process around NIST approved
certification process

Submission Slide 21 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance

21
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

Why ZigBee+Power Line Carrier?

• Simplified installation for new smart
energy applications in large apartment
or commercial buildings with no other
control networks
• Further expansion of the Home Area
Network market by enhancing the ease
of use and commercial viability of Smart
Energy
• Advent of PHEVs in 2010 requires
energy management system to address
technical and business problems
related to charging/discharging, billing,
and access management.
• Common system architecture and
application profile interface for home
energy devices independent of
networking technology
Submission Slide 22 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance
22
November 2009 doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0770-00

QUESTIONS?

Submission Slide 23 Robert F. Heile, ZigBee Alliance