CONTINUOUS

TIME FOURIER
SERIES
GROUP MEMBERS ROLL NO.
 M.FAISAL GILL 17-EE-23
 ABDUL QADEER 17-EE-35
 M.USMAN 17-EE-41 & Properties Of CTFS
 AWAIS BOHR 17-EE-107
 CONTINUOUS TIME
FOURIER SERIES
Any periodic signal can be represented as a liner combination of
harmonically related complex exponentials, with he help of synthesis and
analysis equation.

SYNTHESIS EQUATION
𝑋 𝑡 = σ−∞
𝑘=+∞ 𝑎𝑘 𝑒
𝑗𝑘𝑤0 𝑡

ANALYSIS EQUATION
1
𝑎𝑘 = ‫ 𝑒 )𝑡(𝑥 𝑇׬‬−𝑗𝑘𝑤0 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑇
 CONDITIONS FOR FOURIER
SERIES
CONDITIONS:

 must be absolutely integrable over a period.

 f must be of bounded variation in any given bounded interval.

 f must have a finite number of discontinuities in any given bounded interval,

and the discontinuities cannot be infinite
PROPERTIES OF CT. FOURIESR SERIES:
1. LINEARITY: IF TWO SIGNALS HAVING COFFICIENTS A & B WITH PERIOD T,
AND IF WE ADD THESE TWO SIGNALS THEN WE ALSO ADD THESE COFFICIENTS.
E.G.
X(T) → 𝑎 𝑘
Y(T) → 𝑏𝑘
THEN,
X(T) + Y(T) → 𝑎 𝑘 + 𝑏𝑘

If ℱ(f(t))=𝑐𝑛 and ℱ(g(t))=𝑑𝑛 .

Then
(ℱ(αf(t))=α 𝑐𝑛
and
ℱ(f(t)+g(t))= 𝑐𝑛 + 𝑑𝑛
2. TIME SHIFTING:

WHEN A TIME SHIFT IS APPLIED TO A PERIOIC SIGNAL X(T) THE PERIOD T OF THE
SIGNAL IS PRESERVED.

X(T-𝑡0 ) → 𝑒 −𝑗𝑘𝑤0 𝑡0 𝑎 𝑘
X(T+𝑡0 ) → 𝑒 𝑗𝑘𝑤0 𝑡0 𝑎 𝑘
3. TIME REVERSAL :

THE PERIOD OF A PERIODIC SIGNAL X(T) IS ALSO

REMAIN UNCHANGED WHEN IT UNDERGOES TIME
REVERSAL.
X(T) → 𝑎𝑘
X(-T) → 𝑎 −𝑘
4. MULTIPLICATION: SUPPOSE WE HAVE TWO SIGNALS X(T) AND Y(T) WITH
PERIOD T,
X(T) → 𝑎𝑘
Y(T) → 𝑏𝑘
THEN,
THE PRODUCT OF THESE TWO SIGNALS X(T) AND Y(T) IS ALSO PERIODIC
WITH PERIOD T.
X(T).Y(T) → 𝑐𝑘
WHERE
𝑐𝑘 = 𝑎 𝑘 *𝑏𝑘
5. FREQUENCY SHIFT:
IF WE HAVE A SIGNAL X(T) THEN IT’S COEFFICIENT IS 𝑎 𝑘
X(T ) → 𝑎𝑘
NOW FREQUENCY SHIFT IS APPLIED AND IS DESCRIBED BY FOLLOWING EQUATION ;
𝑒 𝑗𝑀𝑤0 𝑡 X(T) → 𝑎 𝑘−𝑀
6. CONJUGATION:
TAKING THE COMPLEX CONJUGATE OF PERIODIC SIGNAL X(T) HAS EFFECT OF
COMPLEX CONJUGATION AND TIME REVERSAL ON CORRESPONDING FOURIER
SERIES CO-EFFICIENT;

X(T) →(F.S) 𝑎 𝑘
𝑥 ∗ (𝑡) →(F.S) 𝑎∗𝑘
BUT
𝑎 −𝑘 = 𝑎 ∗ 𝑘
CONCLUSION:
1. ANY PERIODIC SIGNAL THAT SPECIFIES THE ALL THESE PROPERTIES HAVE
FOURIER SERIES.
2. NON PERIODIC SIGNAL HAS FOURIER TRANSFORM.

THE
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