LTE & VOLTE Overview

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 Introduction to LTE
 LTE stands for Long Term
Evolution and it was started as a
project in 2004 by
telecommunication body known
as the Third Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP).

 Advantages:

 Higher throughput

 Low latency

 Seamless Connection

 Superior end-user experience:

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 LTE Bands

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 Lte Features :

• Types

 FDD (Frequency Division Duplex)

 TDD (Time Division Duplex)

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 Lte Architecture:

Main Components:
 ENB
 E-UTRAN
 MME
 SGW
 PGW

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 Lte Channels & Protocol Stack:

Type of Channels:
 Logical Channels
 Transport Channels
 Physical Channels

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 Lte Call Flow:

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 CA & MIMO

• Carrier Aggregation is a key technology in LTE

Advanced (LTE-A). It takes carriers from same
(intra-band) or different bands (inter-band) and
combining them to get a carrier of higher
bandwidth and hence increasing the throughput.

• MIMO is a form of antenna technology that uses

multiple antennas to enable signals travelling via
different paths as a result of reflections, etc., to
be separated and their capability used to improve
the data throughput and / or the signal to noise
ratio, thereby improving system performance.

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 Lte Throughput

First, calculate the number of resource elements (RE) in a sub frame with 20 MHz channel
bandwidth: 12 subcarriers x 7 OFDMA symbols x 100 resource blocks x 2 slots= 16800 REs
per sub frame. Each RE can carry a modulation symbol. assume 64 QAM modulation and no
coding, one modulation symbol will carry 6 bits. The total bits in a sub frame (1ms) over 20
MHz channel is 16800 modulation symbols x 6 bits / modulation symbol = 100800 bits

Second,. So the data rate is 100800 bits / 1 ms = 100.8 Mbps. estimate about 25% overhead
so we get 100.8 Mbps x 0.75 = 75 Mbps.

Third, with 2x2 MIMO, the peak data rate goes up to 100.8 Mbps x 2 = 201.6 Mbps. estimate
about 25% overhead so we get 100.8 Mbps x 0.75 = 150 Mbps

Fourth, with 4x4 MIMO, the peak data rate goes up to 100.8 Mbps x 4 = 403 Mbps estimate
about 25% overhead such as PDCCH, reference signal We get 403 Mbps x 0.75 = 302 Mbps.

• Throughput Calculator: http://anisimoff.org/eng/lte_throughput.html

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 Lte Csfb

Circuit Switched FallBack (CSFB) is a

technology whereby voice services are
delivered to LTE devices through the use of
GSM or another circuit-switched network.

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Introduction to Volte

• VoLTE stands for voice over LTE and it’s more

or less exactly what it says on the tin. It's voice
calls over a 4G LTE network, rather than the 2G
or 3G connections which are previously used.

Benefits of Volte:
 Superior call quality
 Faster connectivity
 Better battery life

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 Volte Architecture & IMS

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 Volte Call flow

• IMS Resgistration • Volte to Volte (SIP flow)

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 LTE KPI

 Typically KPI can be

categorized into following
subcategories:
• Accessibility
• Retainability
• Mobility
• Availability
• Integrity

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 RF (LTE) Optimization

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 Future Scope & 5G

 Lte is a great technology consists of

many great features & offers high
data rate, faster connectivity but still
with growing demand of users day
by day, more fast data connectivity
comes on demand. So 5G a
revolution is going to come on
market by 2020 which is 10X faster
then Lte & consists of many
applications like Driver-less Car,
Internet of Things etc.

For more details

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 THANK YOU

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