ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE IN CIM
 OVERVIEW

• What is Intelligence?
• Why did the term Artificial intelligence come into use?
• How did design make the cut in AI?
• Techniques in AI and their Applications
• A conservative estimate shows that only
5% of all research endeavors have found
their place in the factory.
 NUMEROUS REASONS FOR THIS PROBLEM ARE

• The tools for building expert systems are not sufficiently

developed and are difficult to apply.
• Good expert systems usually contain several thousand rules
and are huge software systems which are difficult to use on
conventional computer systems.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION IN
MANUFACTURING

• It is known that the control systems for the enterprise has to

be designed in a hierarchical manner. On each level expert
systems can be used to perform and to diagnose the current
status of the next lower level, the planning task on that level.
 DESIGN

• Design process
• Types of designs
# new design,
# variant design
# modified design
 PROCESS PLANNING.

• Different types of process planning

# retrieval type
# generative type
 FOUR PHASES OF PROCESS
PLANNING
• Selection of blanks or stock

• Selection of processes and machining sequences

• Machine tool selection

• Selection of fixtures.
 MANUFACTURING SCHEDULING

• The information going into scheduling are the type and

number of parts to be manufactured, the process plans, the
bill of materials, order delivery dates, available machine
tools, other resources, factory monitoring data on resource
utilization, etc.
• The two artificial intelligence tools most suitable for
scheduling are the generate and test, and the constraint
propagation methods.
 QUALITY CONTROL - HOW IS IT
IMPLEMENTED?
• A test plan is drafted.

• The test system is configured and programmed for the

individual products to be tested.

• the measurements are performed and the data are recorded.

• the data are evaluated and test protocols are prepared.

 PROCESSES IN THE DEVELOPMENT
OF DESIGN DECISIONS
• Principle for coordination of the projecting works and
decisions between the separate groups of designers-
specialists in the relevant scientific-technical directions.
• Principle of the iterative approach by solving problems,
arisen during the realization of the projecting work.
• If needed, the performed procedures are repeated in order
to improve and reach optimal, in the assigned purpose
(assigned criteria), projecting decisions.
 (CONTD)

• The main requirement is the performed iterative procedures

to be ensured in respect to identity the required optimal
decision. It is desirable that the number of the iterative
procedures is as least as possible.
 DIAGNOSIS

• This area has seen the most success for expert systems in the
manufacturing process.
• They play a very important role in supervising complex
production equipment and locating problems as soon as they
arise.
• This has the advantage of reducing production downtime as
problems can be located early and resolved.
 GENERALIZED ALGORITHM FOR
ITERATIVE PROCEDURES IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN
DECISIONS
 WHAT AN EXPERT SYSTEM IS?
• Artificial intelligence based system that converts the
knowledge of an expert in a specific subject into a software
code.
• This code can be merged with other such codes (based on
the knowledge of other experts) and used for answering
questions (queries) submitted through a computer.
COMPONENTS OF AN EXPERT SYSTEM
 HOW DOES AN EXPERT SYSTEM
MAKE A DECISION?
Expert systems follow algorithms to arrive at their decision or
solution. The system can use one of two currently used
decision making methods.
• Boolean
• Fuzzy logic
 ADVANTAGES OF EXPERT SYSTEMS
• Increased Availability
• Reduced cost
• Reduced danger
• Permanent
• Multiple expertise
• Increased reliability
• Explanation
• Intelligent Database
 DISADVANTAGES OF EXPERT
SYSTEMS
• Answers may not always be correct
• Knowledge limited to the domain of expertise
• Lack of common sense
THANK YOU