SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

BENGALURU-562157
2018- 2019

PROJECT P R E S E N T A T I O N O N :
“ S M A R T V E H I C L E H E A D L I G H T A U T O M AT I O N W I T H E F F I C I E N T
ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”
D E PARTM E NT O F E LE CTR O N I C S & C O M M U N I CATI O N E N G I N E E R I N G
SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
BENGALURU-562157
2018- 2019
U N D E R T H E G U I D E N C E OF : PRESENTEDBY:
Dr . P O O R N I M A G R HARISH V (1VE16EC406)
A S S O C . P R O F., D E P T . O F E & C E KARTHIK S ( 1 V E 1 6 E C 4 07 )
S V C E , BAN GALO R E NAGESH KUMAR B S(1VE16EC411)
VARUN KUMAR S (1VE16EC422)
TABEL OF CONTENTS:
• INTRODUCTION
• LITERATURE SURVEY
• MOTIVATION TO WORK
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• METHODOLOGY
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• RESULT AND DISCUSSION
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE
• The numbers of automotive vehicles on roads are getting amplified day by day.
• Hence the concern about safety has been boosting in almost all the vehicle
manufacturers.
• The headlamps of vehicles are designed to emit low beams as well as high
beams of light.
• The low beams are the less intensity lights which are used during the night travel
when the surrounding vehicles are more.
• The high beams emit very high intensity light and are operated when not much
vehicles are present on the road.
• When the incoming vehicles emit a very bright light on the opposite vehicle, the
driver of this vehicle has to face the fluorescence for some amount of time which
can cause closing of eyes or blindness for some time.
CONT.
• This time span can be enough for an accident to occur. So, whenever there is an
appreciable traffic around, low beams are activated so that the vehicles
approaching can drive efficiently otherwise high beams are used for the viewing
of unfamiliar roads.
• Ifsuch automatic system of switching from high beams to low beams and vice
versa is implemented, then the driving can be much secure.
• To ensure safety of driver as well as passengers, any of this approach can be
incorporated.
• The intensity control using is done using an LDR.
• Here it acts in collaboration with a potential dividerto generate the expected
results and with the help of a switching device the beams are switched to high
intensity or low intensity.
CONT.
• During daytime there is no requirement of street lights so the LDR keeps the
street light off until the light level is low or the frequency of light is low in
environmental, the resistance of the LDR is high.
• This prevents current from flowing to the base of the transistors.
• The major roll hears to ON/OFF of street light by the sensing (i.e. PIR sensor)
to vehicle before the lamp pole. The operating power which is most essential to
operate street light by electric power.
• This eliminate the high power consumption.
LITERATURE SURVEY:
SI. No Title and Publication Proposed work Drawback

1 Sushil Kumar Choudhary1 This model concept eliminates The power

et al. Electronic Head the requirement of manual consumption is high
Lamp Glare Management switching and high cost in this
System for Automobile system
Applications
2014.
2 Robert Tamburo1 et al. automotive headlight is to Complex device and
Programmable Automotive improve Safety in low light high cost and cannot
Headlights . 2017 and poor weather conditions be installed in low end
cars
CONT.
SI. No Title and Publication Proposed work Drawback

3 M.Abhishek et al.Design and Renewable energy source This system cannot be

implementation of traffic flow streetlight by detecting vehicle automatically turn off
based street light control
system with effective
motion at day time
utilization of solar
energy,2015

4 C.Bhuvaneshwari et al . street light with auto tracking This system dose not
Analysis of Solar energy system by using LDR have any motion
based street light with detector to detect the
auto tracking vehicle the energy
system,2013 will be wasted when
there is no movement
on road
OBJECTIVES:
• To design and develop prototype of automatic DIM and DIP headlight
switch.
• The process of implementation includes conversion of bright light in to dim
light according to light intensity of vehicles coming from opposite direction.
• Secondly to design automatic street light system, which gets ON only
when there are users in road and for rest of the time it remains in OFF
position.
• The light has to be ON at any cost, which means the vehicle may be in
high speed but the sensor has to detect and the light should be ON.
• By achieving this aptly, there will be contribution to some extend for energy
saving.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
LOW BEAM
LIGHT1
LDR SENSOR

HIGH BEAM LIGHT1

POWER ARDUINO UNO

SOURCE CONTROLLER

HIGH BEAM LIGHT2

MANUAL SWITCH LOW BEAM

LIGHT2

FIGURE 1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF VEHICLE HEAD LIGHT DIMMER

 CONT.
• Low Beam (Meeting beam)
• High beam (driving beam)
• The low beam is used where there is road lighting and on unlit roads when
there are on- coming drivers.
• The auto Dipping Device senses the opposite vehicles bright headlights and
automatically makes our vehicles bright lights dip, but for a few seconds only,
afterwards the device will make our lights to start flickering.
• This function will be repeated to all the vehicles coming in the opposite
direction.
CONT.

FIGURE2:VEHICLE RUNNIG WITH HIGH BEAM FIGURE3:VEHICLE RUNNIG WITH HIGH BEAM BY DETECTING ANOTHRE LIGHT

FIGURE4: VEHICLE’S HIGH BEAM SWITCHES TO LOW BEAM AUTOMATICALLY

 CONT.

FIGURE 5:TWO VEHICLES WITH HIGH BEAM WITH 300M DISTANCE FIGURE 6:TWO VEHICLES IN LOW BEAM AUTOMATICALLY BY DETECTING HIGH BEAM

FIGURE 7:WITH HIGH BEAM DETECTING OBJECT ON ROAD

METHODOLOGY:
START

CHECK THE HIGH BEAM LIGHTS

CONDITION FOR WILL TURND OFF
LDR
NO
IF >
THRESHOLDVALUE

YES

TURN ON HIGH
BEAM LIGHT

END

FIGURE 8: Flow DIAGRAM OF VEHICLE HEAD LIGHT DIMMER

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

FIGURE 9: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF SMART HEADLIGHT

CONT.
• The vehicle 2 senses the high beam of vehicle 1 with the help of the Light
Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors and converts the light intensity into
electrical signal and send it to the signal conditioner or Analog to Digital
Converter (ADC).
• The ADC converts the analog signal as input into digital signal for the Arduino
controller to work with.
• The Arduino block functions as the main control unit which will monitor the
data from ADC and operates the head light
• The head light perform according to the Arduino controller command the
perform the switch function.
• The vehicle2 will automatically switch to high beam to low beam.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

POWER LDR SENSOR

SOURCE

PIR SENSOR
PIR ARDUINO UNO 2
SENSOR 1 CONTROLLER

STREET STREE LIGHT STREET STREET LIGHT

LIGHT 1 2 LIGHT 3 4

FIGURE 10: BLOCK DIAGRAM AUTOMATIC SMART STREET LIGHT

CONT.
• TheFig. 10 is the block diagram of the Smart streetlight. It works in
accordance with the varying sunlight.
• Whenever there is sufficient sunlight in surroundings, LDR exhibits high
resistance and acts as an insulator, while in darkness this LDR behaves as
low resistance path and allows the flows of electricity, this LDR’s operates
with the help of PIR sensors, these sensors are activated under low
illumination conditions and these are controlled by an Arduino controller,
every basic electronic circuit will operate under regulated 5v DC.
CONT.
• The Arduino circuit is the low power, high performance. Arduino controller is
programmed by embedded assembly programming language for implementing
these tasks, this program is stored and operated by means of storage device
EPROM, while coming to the functional block i.e. LDR, these LDR’s are in
expensive, smaller in size, less complexity, highly reliable, low power
applications, minimum risk with greater accuracy.
• The project it can save the electrical power to greater extent removing the manual
work completely, this system became the origin for upcoming advanced intelligent
systems in saving both human and electrical power.
• An PIR sensor is basically a device which detects the motion and sense the
radiation of the any object
 START
CONT.
CHECK THE
CHECK THE CONDITION
CONDITION OF OF PIR SENSOR
LDR SENSOR

IF>THRES NO IF ANY PIR

SENSOR IS
NO
HOLD
VALUE ON

YES YES
TURN ON
CORRESPONDING
STEET LIGHT

END

FIGURE 11: FLOW DIAGRAM OF AUTOMATIC SMART STREET LIGHT

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

FIGURE 12: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF SMART STREET LIGHT

CONT.

FIGURE 13:STREET LIGHT TURN ON BY DETECTING THE OBJECT OR A VEHICLE

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
• Sensing the opposite vehicles bright head lights automatically our vehicles
bright lights DIP- but for few seconds only.
• Immediately after the crossing of the opposite vehicles the lights will come to
bright position automatically, this function will be repeated to all the vehicles
coming in the opposite direction.
• In the present system the driver required to control the steering with his one
hand and the other hand is required to operate the DIM/DIPPER switch to
make the head to totally eliminated by providing the vehicle with our device
which will give the driver a very happy and pleasant experience of driving and
total safety to the vehicles and to the traveling passengers.
CONT.
• This project were to reduce the side effects of the previous and current
street lighting system used in our area, and to find a solution to save the
power.
• If this project will be implemented on a large scale then it will be very useful
and will full fill all the present constraints.
• As the prototype that we had implemented works according to our
expectation.
• The table shows the comparative analysis in terms of cost, time and other
relevant specification.
CONT.
PARAMETERS CONVENTIONAL AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROL WITH
SYSTEM DIFFERENT LIGHT INTENSITY

Initial cost Less More

Overall cost Less Energy saving is more so overall cost is
less
Time (on state From sunset to Depend on presence of object (sunset-
street light) sunrise(manually) sunrise)

Types of lamps Fluorescent LED

used

Table 1 .Comparatives analysis of conventional system and our system.

CONT.

Figure 14: prototype working model

CONT.
The above figure 5.3 shows model
of vehicles headlight in low beam
condition by detecting the light in
the opposite direction it is switched
to low beam with the help of LDR
by checking the threshold value.

FIGURE15 : MODEL OF VEHICLE HEADLIGHT IN LOW BEAM

CONT.

The above Figure 5.2 shows

model of vehicles headlight in
high beam condition by detecting
the darkness in the opposite
direction it is switched to high
beam with the help of LDR by
checking the threshold value.

Figure16:model of vehicle headlight in high beam

CONT.

FIGURE17 : MODEL OF SMART STREETLIGHT ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CONCLUSION:
Glare during driving is a serious problem for drivers. This is caused due to the
sudden exposure of our eyes to a very bright light, the bright headlights of
vehicles in this case. The driver should actually turn down the bright lights
immediately to avoid glare to the other person which is not happening. Hence, is
the idea for the design and development of a prototype circuit called the automatic
headlight dimmer. By using Smart Street light, one can save surplus amount of
energy which is done by replacing sodium vapor lamps by LED and adding an
additional feature for security purposes. The system is versatile, extendable and
totally adjustable to user needs. The system is now used only for one-way traffic
in highways. Continuous use of LDR and PIR sensors even in day time. Not
switched on before the sunset
REFERENCES:
[1]. Sushil Kumar Choudhary, “Electronic Head Lamp Glare Management System for
Automobile Applications”, International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.2,
No.5, May 2014, pp. 402- 416.,2018
[2]. H. Satyaseel, G. Sahu, M. Agarwal and J. Priya, “Light intensity monitoring & automation
of street light control by Iot,” Int. J. Innovations Adv. Computer. Sci., vol. 6, no. 10, pp. 34-
40, 2017.
[3]. A. Rao and A. Konnur, “Street light automation system using Arduino Uno,” Int. J.
Innovative Res. Computer. Commun. Eng., vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 16499-16507, 2017.
[4]. P. C. Cynthia, V. A. Raj and S. T. George, “Automatic street light control based on vehicle
detection using Arduino for power saving applications,” Int. J. Electron. Electr. Comput.
Syst., vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 297-295, 2017.
[5]. Muralikrishnan R “AUTOMATIC HEADLIGHT DIMMER A PROTOTYPE FOR VEHICLES”,
IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-
1163 pISSN: 2321-7308.2015
CONT.
[6]. M. Abhishek, S. A. Shah, K. Chetan and K. A. Kumar, “Design and implementation of
traffic flow-based street light control system with effective utilization of solar energy,” Int.
J. Sci. Eng. Adv. Technol., vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 195-499, 2015.
[7]. D. K. Rath, “Arduino based: Smart light control system,” Int. J. Eng. Res. Gen. Sci., vol.
4, no. 2, pp. 784- 790, 2016.
[8]. K. P. Shinde, “A low-cost home automation system based on power-line
communication,” Int. J. Creative Res. Thoughts, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 20-24, 2017.