 Trace the historical events of Philippine

Literature during the American period.

 Acquaint the three strand that prospered
during the American period which are:
the Spanish, Filipino and English literature
 Identify the contribution of the American
period to the Philippine Literary tradition
The Filipino Revolutionaries
won against the Spanish
colonized for more than 300
years.
As early as 1900 the peace
movement started
PUBLIC EDUCATION
SYSTEM
  News
 Poetry
 Stories
 Playsessays
 Novels
 Spanish
 Tagalog
 English
1. RE-ORIENTATION
2. IMITATION
3. SELF-DISCOVERY AND
GROWTH
 1900
English was first taught as a
subject as the Spanish system
of education was allowed to
continue.

Was established
1901 by 1908 to train
the Philippine Normal
Young Filipinos
School was founded to train to task in
Filipino teachers to take
charge of elementary colonial
education. bureaucracy.
 El Renacimeinto - founded by Rafael
Palma
 Philippines Free Press –established in
Manila in 1905by D. Theo Rogers and
R. McCullough
A. The writers in Spanish were
accustomed to write on nationalism
honoring Rizal and other heroes.
• This poem was
dedicated to Rizal,
Jacinto, Mabini and
all other heroes

• “ A Rizal”
• Wrote a poem
honoring Rizal
• “ Invocation a
Rizal”
• Batikuling (pen
name)
• Elected Poet Laureate
in Spanish
• “REMEMBRANCE
AND
FORGETFULLNESS”
(debate topic)
• Lyric poet
• “OLVIDO ”
(defended)
• Father of Philippine
Constitution
• “BAJO LOS
COCOTEROS ”
(Under the coconut
trees)
• “ANTE EL MARTIR”
dedicated to Rizal
• First woman poet
in the Philippines.
• “El Nido” ( the
nest)
• Zobel Price
• “Amoras de
Ensueno” (Scent of
Dreams)
• “La Punda de Salto
” (The Place of
Origin)
• Don Payong
• Good leader
and biographer
• “ DECALOGO DEL
PROTECCIONISMO
”
B. The writers in Tagalog continued
in their lamentations on the
condition of the country and their
attempts to arouse love for one’s
native tounge.
• Popular writer,
dramatist, and
critic.
• Classified the
poets based on
the poems they
wrote.
 Poets of Hearts (Mga Makata
ng Pag-ibig)
a. Lope K. Santos
b. Inigo Ed. Regalado
c. Carlos Gatmaitan
d. Pedro Deogracias del Rosario
e. Jose Corazon de Jesus
f. Cirilio Panganiban
g. Iledefonso Santos
h. Amado Hernandez
i. Nemeciano Carabana
j. Mar Antonio
 Poets of Life (Mga Makata ng
Buhay)
a. Lope K. Santos
b. Jose Corazon de Jesus
c. Florentino Collantes
d. Patricio Mariano
e. Carlos Gatmaitan
f. Amado V. Hernandez
• Kiko Balagtas
• Novel: Florante
at Laura
• Poetry
• Catholic Priest and Moralist
• Highly respect member of
Clergy
• Deliver Political Sermons
• DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL
RECOGNITION, IDENTITY AND
INTEGRITY
• He was called
“APO”
• Ama ng Balarilang
Filipino (Father of
National Language
Grammar)
• “Banaag at Sikat”
• He was also known
as “HUSENG
BATUTE”
• Makata ng Pag-ibig
(Poet of the Heart)
• “Bayan Ko” and “
“Isang Punong
Kahoy”
 Ang bayan kong Pilipinas Ibon mang may layang
Lupain ng ginto’t bulaklak lumipad
Pag-ibig na sa kanyang kulungin mo at umiiyak
palad Bayan pa kayang sakdal dilag
Nag-alay ng ganda’t dilag. Ang di magnasang
makaalpas!
At sa kanyang yumi at
ganda Pilipinas kong minumutya
Dayuhan ay nahalina Pugad ng luha ko’t dalita
Bayan ko, binihag ka Aking adhika,
Nasadlak sa dusa. Makita kang sakdal laya.
 ISANG
PUNONGKAHOY
Kung tatanawin mo sa
malayong pook, Sa aking paanan ay may isang batis,
maghapo’t magdamag na
ako’y tila isang nakadipang
nagtutumangis;
kurus, sa mga sanga ko ay nangakasabit
sa napakatagal na ang pugad ng mga ibon ng pag-ibig.
pagkakaluhod, Sa kinislap-kislap ng batis na iyan,
parang hinahagkan ang paa asa mo ri’y agos ng luhang nunukal;
ng Diyos. at saka ang buwang tila nagdarasal,
ako’y binabati ng ngiting malamlam.
Organong sa loob ng isang
simbahan Ang mga kampana sa tuwing orasyon,
ay nananalangin sa nagpapahiwatig sa akin ng taghoy,
kapighatian ibon sa sanga ko’y may tabing nang
dahon,
habang ang kandila ng
batis sa paa ko’y may luha nang daloy.
sariling buhay,
magdamag na tanod sa
aking libingan…
• He crown as
“MAKATA NG
MANGGAGAWA”
• Wrote poems
“Isang Dipang
Langit”
“Munting Lupa“
and “Bayang
Malaya ”
• Master Piece
“Ang Panday”
• He was popularly
known as
“Tandang
Anong”
• “Kundil Buntil”
pen name
• Master Piece
“Nena at
Neneng”
• was the son of “ODALAGER”
• Popular story-teller, novelist and
newspaper man
Popular short story writers
1. Lope K. Santos
2. Patricio Mariano
3. Rosauro Almarion

In “Liwayway” popular weekly publication

who publishes short stories

a. Deogracias Rosario
b. Teodoro Gener
c. Cirio H. Panganiban
C. The writers in English Language
imitated the themes and method of
Americans.
• First literary
work (1907)
• Master Piece
“SURSUM
CORDA”
• (1909)
• Master Piece
“MY MOTHER ”
and “AIR
CASTLES”
• (1909)
• Master Piece
“TO MY LADY
IN LAOAG ”
1919 UP College Folio
Later placed by Philippine
Collegian

1920 Bulliten, Philippine Herald

1942 The Philippine Review, The

Independent, Rising Philippines
And Citizens, and Philippine
Education Magazine
Poets
 Essay
writers
 Short
stories
 Short Story
PUBLISHERS
1.UP College Folio which became
Philippine Collegian
2.Bulletin
3.The Philippine Herald
4.The Philippine Review
5.The Independent
6.Rising Philippines
7.Citizens
8.The Philippine Education Magazine
Bernardo P. Garcia wrote the
poem “George Washington.”

Eulogio B. Rodriguez
-research writer of UP College of
Liberal Arts
-won Villamor Prize in the
Provincial History Competition
Marcelo de Gracia Concepcion
- wrote the award-winning poem
“Azucena.”

Procopio Solidum
-wrote “Never mind and Other
Poems.”
Zoilo Galang
-published his first volume of essay
entitled “Life and Success.”
-published the first anthology of
short stories in “Tales of the
Philippines.”

Eliseo Quirino and Vicente Hilario

-wrote the essay “Thinking for
Ourselves.”
Rodolfo Dato
-published his anthology
“Filipino Poetry.”

Lorenzo E. Paredes
-wrote the first poetry anthology
“Reminiscenses.”
-Acquired mastery of the English
Language
-Began to write confidently and
competently
-The Philippine Writers Association
(1925)
 Philippine Free Press
 The Graphic
 The Philippine Magazine
 UP Literary Apprentice
 Free Verse
Sonnet
Odes
Elegies
Short Stories
Essay
• “Manila: A
Collection
of Verses ”
• “My Book of
Verses”
• “First
Leaves”
• “Molave and
other
Poems”
• “Poems by
Doveglion”
• Marcelo De Gracia Concepcion wrote
“Bamboo Flute”
• Aurelio S. Alvero wrote “Moon shadows
on the Water”, “Nuances”
• Pablo Laslo edited the “English-German
Anthology of Filipino Poets”
• Abelardo Subido wrote the sonnet “Soft
Night”
Popular writers and
Master Piece
1. Paz Marquez Benitez “Filipino Love
Stories.”
2. Jose Garcia Villa “Philippine Short Stories.”,
“Mir-i-nisa.”
3. Manuel Arguilla “How my Brother Leon
brought home a Wife.”
4. Paz Latorena “Sunset”
5. Jose Lansang “Broken Parasol”
6. Sinai C. Hamada “Talanata’s Wife”
7. Fausto Dugenio “Wanderlust”
8. Amado G. Dayrit “His Gift” and “Yesterday”
9. Amador T. Daguio w “The Woman who
looked out of the Window”
 Political, social, and reflective essays.
-opinions and viewpoints
-using their newspaper columns
Some political, social and reflective essayists include:
◦ Federico Mangahas
◦ Salvador P. Lopez
◦ Pura Santillan Castrence
◦ Vicente Albano Pacis
◦ Ariston Estrada
◦ Jose Lansang
 Critical essays.
- serious treatment of various issues during
this period.
-essayists regularly appear in various
newspaper columns.
The critical essayists during this time include:
◦ Salvador P. Lopez
◦ I.V. Mallari
◦ Ignacio Manlapaz
◦ Jose Garcia Villa
◦ Arturo B. Rotor
◦ Leopoldo Y. Yabes
◦ Maximo Soliven wrote the prize-winning essay entitled,
“They Called it Brotherhood.”
 Personal or familiar essays.
-casual and light in terms
-provided sort of entertainment and
relaxation for the readers.
Popular essayists of this kind include:
◦ Francisco “Mang Kiko” B. Icasiano
◦ Alfredo E. Litiatco
◦ Solomon V. Arnaldo
◦ Amado G. Dayrit
◦ Consuelo Gar Catuca
 “Literature and Society” by Salvador P.
Lopez.
 “The Filipino Way of Life” by Camilo Osias.
 “Mang Kiko” was a reprint of Francisco B.
Icasiano’s essays in the “Sunday Times
Magazine” under the column “From my Nipa
Hut.”
 “I am a Filipino” editorial essay by Carlos P.
Romulo ,
-“Philippines Herald” magazine. It was
published in his book “My Brother Americans
1945.
President Sergio Osmenia
Rafael Palma