Govt.

Engineering
College Ajmer

Presented By:
Aditi Sharma
Akshta Verma
Deepa Nagpal
Shakti Deval
Fundamental Rights
CONTENTS:
 Introduction
 Genesis
 Characteristics
 Significance
 Types
 Critical Analysis
 Amendments
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION:
 Rights means those freedom which are essential
for personal good as well as the good of the
community.
 Fundamental rights is a charter of right

contained in the Constitution of India that

guarantees civil liberties and basic human
freedoms.
 The rights guaranteed under the constitution of

India are fundamental as they have been

incorporated into the “fundamental law of land”
and are enforceable in a court of law.
Genesis:
 Inspired by England’s Bill of
Rights,United States Bill of
Rights,France’s Declaration of the
Rights of Man.
 Rowlatt Act,1919.
 Nehru Commission,1928.
 Indian National Congress,1931.
 Drafting Committee.
Characteristics:
 Right to move to supreme court and high
court in case of violation of these rights .
 Public Interest Litigation.
 Can only be altered by Constitutional

Amendments.
 Rights remain suspended during emergency.
Significance:
 To preserve human dignity.

 To preserve the essence of democracy.

 To enhance fundamental unity.

 Protection of individual from arbitrary state

actions and from action of another individual.
Types of Fundamental Rights
 Right to Equality
 Right to Freedom
 Right Against Exploitation
 Right to Freedom of Religion
 Cultural and Educational Rights
 Right to Constitutional Remedies
 Right to Education
RIGHT TO EQUALITY:
 Equality Before Law (Article 14)
 Social Equality and Equal Access to Public

Areas (Article 15)

 Equality in Matters of Public Employment

(Article 16)
 Abolition of Untouchability (Article 17)
 Abolition of Titles (Article 18)
RIGHT TO FREEDOM
 Included in articles 19,20,21,22.
 Freedom of speech and expression.
 Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms.
 Freedom to form associations and unions.
 Freedom to move freely throughout the
territory.
 Freedom to reside and settle in part of
territory of India.
 Freedom to practise any profession or to carry
any occupation,trade or business.
 No one can be awarded punishment which is
more than what law prescribes at that time.
 Protection of life and personal liberty.
RIGHT AGAINST EXPLOITATION
 Prohibition of traffic in human beings and
force labour (article 23).
 Prohibition of child labour (article 24)
RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION
 Included in article 25,26,27 and 28.

 Sustains the principle of secularism.

 All religions are equal before state.

 Citizens are free to preach, practice and

propagate any religion of their choice.
 LAND OF
DIVERSE
RELIGIONS
CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL
RIGHTS
 Included in Article 29 and 30.

 To protect the rights of minorities.

 Right to community to conserve their

language and script and to set up their own
educational institutions.

 Granting aid to educational institutions by

state without discrimination.
RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL
REMEDIES

Included in articles 33 and 34.

It empowers the citizen to move
to court of law incase of any
denial of fundamental rights.
AMENDMENTS:
Right to property
 Initially it was included in article 19 and 31.

 In 1978, it was removed by 44th amendment

from the fundamental rights.

 Ithas been made into a law. So, selling or

acquiring property is not against law.
RIGHT TO EDUCATION:
 The right of children to Free and Compulsory
Education Act, 2009 announced by P M
Manmohan Singh makes education a
fundamental right of every children.
 Private education institutions should reserve

25% for children from weaker sections of

society.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS
 Political groups.
 Emergency
 Maintenance of internal security.
 Freedom of press.
CONCLUSION:
 They make the life of the people meaningful
by giving them rights like speech and to live
in an area of their choice.
 They make democratic government very

strong by giving more power to the people.

 These are essential tools for elimination of

evils like caste system.

 It is our responsibility to safeguard

our rights.
“ALL HUMAN BEINGS
ARE BORN
FREE
AND
EQUAL IN DIGNITY
AND RIGHTS”