 Scope of communication means the normal

functioning area of this subject. Since

communication is essential in every sphere of
human life, its scope is wide and pervasive. From
cradle to grave, human beings are somehow
engaged in communication.
 No one can pass even a day without
communication. In the following a brief discussion
on scope of communication is given.
 Communication in personal life:
Communication is closely related with every
sphere of human life. From dawn to sleep at
night, a person communicates with others.
This reveals that communication is the part
and parcel of human life.
 Communication in social life: Now we are
on the verge of human civilization and
living in an integrated society. In social life,
people need to develop social bondage.
Communication helps us in creating and
strengthening this social bondage.
 Communication in the state affairs:
Communication is also pervaded in all areas of
state affairs. Without communication, state
neither can administer its various wings nor can
maintain relationships with the other part of the
world. Due to revolutionary change in
communication technologies, the whole world
has turned into a global village.
 Communication in business: In this post-modern
age, we cannot think of business without
communication. Communication is the lifeblood
of business as it provides necessary information in
formulating business plans and policies. It also
ensures effective performance of business
activities like production, distribution, finance,
warehousing etc. Thus; ultimate success of the
business depends on sucessful communication.
 Communication in management: Management is the means
of achieving organizational goals. Efficiency and
effectiveness of management depend on effective
communication with the various internal and external parties.
Every function of management depends on communication.
In fact, without information plans cannot be formulated,
activities cannot be organized, directives cannot be issued
and control cannot be ensured.
 Communication in industrial relations: Industrial relation means
a labor management relationship in the industry or in an
organization. Congenial industrial relation is a precondition
for business success. On the other hand, free and fair
communication is a pre-requisite for creating good industrial
relation. Free flow of information lessens doubt, confusion and
controversies between workers and management. As a result,
harmonious relationship develops in the organization.
 Communication in international affairs: In this age of
globalization, communication is not merely confined
within the national boundary. Countries are
exchanging their cultural, economical, social,
political, educational and technological affairs with
each other continuously. In order to facilitate
cooperation and communication among countries,
various regional and international bodies namely the
United Nations, World Bank, NAFTA, SAFTA, ASEAN,
SAARC, EU etc. Have been formed. Through these
bodies, counties communicate various bilateral and
multilateral issues among them.
 Communication in religion: Communication is also
present in perching, spreading and circulation various
religious doctrines. Prophets and saints have
preached the verses of almighty to their followers and
even now, many religious thinkers are performing the
duty of preaching and circulating religious verses.
 The goal of effective communication is to send a message
with the intention of informing, inspiring or questioning, with
the message fully understood by the recipient.

Media
 Communication travels through different media. A
common media is spoken words or oral
communication. Oral communication uses words to
send messages and provide explanations. Other
media used in communication are nonverbal cues
such as vocal tone, facial expressions and body
language. Sending an e-mail, talking on the phone
or updating a social network are all examples of
different media used to send messages.
Outcome
 Communication is used to make processes
and organizational flow more productive.
When people know what is expected of
them and how to accomplish the task at
hand, they are more likely to be more
productive. People feel satisfied when they
are able to reach the goal of
communicating effectively. This can be
satisfaction with a job, relationships or social
life. Trust is built in interpersonal and
organizational relationships when the goal
of effective communication is met. When a
person does what he says he will do, it
fosters trust and dependability.
Barriers
 Communication barriers exist that prohibit effective
communication. These barriers can include a person’s
background, belief system, cultural differences,
upbringing and preconceived ideas. Communication
barriers filter the communication and distort its original
message so that the recipient doesn’t understand the
message.

Considerations
 No one has perfected the goal of effective
communication. A person should participate in
maintaining a healthy self-awareness that assesses her
current rate of communication effectiveness.
 demonstrate comprehension of the
principles of communication
(learning competencies)
 Communication is a two-way process of giving and receiving
information through any number of channels. Whether one is
speaking informally to a colleague, addressing a conference
or meeting, writing a newsletter article or formal report, the
following basic principles apply:

 Know your audience.

 Know your purpose.
 Know your topic.
 Anticipate objections.
 Present a rounded picture.
 Achieve credibility with your audience.
 Follow through on what you say.
 Communicate a little at a time.
 Present information in several ways.
 Develop a practical, useful way to get feedback.
 Use multiple communication techniques.
 discuss the core values of
communication (learning
competencies)
 Good communications requires a plan and
typically this would have the following steps:
 Listing your communications stakeholder groups
(here, shareholders, employees and customers)
 Defining what has to be communicated to each
stakeholders group (here mission and core values)
 Identifying suitable communications methods and
events
 Allocating resources
 Developing a communications event schedule
 Monitoring the effectiveness of the
communications events
 describe the elements and
levels of the
communication processes
 the essential
elements or
ingredients, which
facilitate the
communication
process. Each
element plays an
important role in
making
the communicatio
n effective:
 Communicator (sender or encoder) is the one who initiates
the communication process. He may be an editor, a reporter,
a filmmaker, a teacher, a writer, a speaker, a leader or an
 Encoding is the formulation of messages in the
communicator’s mind, that is, the communicator not only
translates his purpose (ideas, thoughts or information) into a
message but also decides on the medium to communicate
his planned message.
 A channel is the vehicle through which a message is carried
from the communicator to the receiver. The channels of
communication are many-written, spoken, verbal, non-
verbal, mass media like TV, radio, newspapers, books, etc.
choosing the appropriate channel, one most suitable for the
message as well as the receiver, is a complicated task
 The receiver, at the other end of the communication, is the
recipient of the message and must possess the same
orientation as the communicator.
 Decoding is the interpretation of the message by the
receiver. Actually, the receiver looks for the meaning in the
message, which is common to both the receiver and the
communicator.
 Feedback is the response or acknowledgement of receiver to
the communicator’s message. The exchange is possible only
if the receiver responds.
 Noise is an interruption that can creep in at any point of the
communication process and make it ineffective. Environment
is one major cause that interferes with message reception:
like noises from the roadside, constant chattering of
individuals outside the communication act, blaring
loudspeaker, faulty transmission, etc. noise can occur in other
forms also; poor handwriting, heavy accent or soft speech,
communication in a poorly lit room, etc. in fact, these are
barriers to effective communication. For smooth and
effective communication, it is necessary to eliminate or
reduce noise as far as possible.