THE CAVITE

MUTINY of 1872
DASMARINAS, Albert
ESCOBER, Rich Charles
MALICDEM, Ericka
MECIJA, Kevin Bryan
BIOGRAPHY
Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera
o Born on April 13, 1875
o Lived in Cablido St., Intramuros
o Son of Felix de Tavera and Julianna Gorricho
o Studied in;
o Ateneo Municipal de Manila
o Colegio de San Juan de Letran
o University of Sto. Tomas
o University of Paris
o University of the Philippines
o Received his licentiate in medicine at the Faculte de Medicine de Paris in 1880
o Received his diploma on Malay Language in 1885

POLITICAL BACKGROUND
o Order from Governor-General Rafael de Izquierdo 
o Deported in Marianas Island
o Was under Polo Y Servicio or the “force labor’’
 STRONG POINTS
Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera
“the incident was a mere mutiny by
the native Filipino soldiers and
laborers of the Cavite arsenal who
TURNED OUT TO BE DISSATISFIED
WITH THE ABOLITION OF THEIR
PRIVILEGES”
- BLAMED GOV. IZQUIERDO’S
COLD-BLOODED POLICIES such as
the abolition of privileges of the
workers and native army members of
the arsenal and the prohibition of the
founding of school of arts and trades
for the Filipinos, WHICH THE
GENERAL BELIEVED AS A COVER-
UP FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF A
POLITICAL CLUB.
On the night of January 20, 1872,
there was an UPRISING AMONG THE
SOLDIERS in the San Felipe Fort, in
Cavite, and the COMMANDING
OFFICER AND OTHER SPANISH
OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF THE
FORT WERE ASSASINATED.
“The few soldiers who
precipitated the attack
BELIEVED THEY WOULD BE
SUPPORTED by the bulk of of
army and that a general
rebellion against Spain would be
declared in the Islands, THEY
WERE DECIEVED.”
STRONG POINTS
Dr. Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera
Spanish friars and Izquierdo used the convicted educated men who
CAVITE MUTINY AS A POWERFUL PARTICIPATED IN THE MUTINY
LEVER by magnifying it as a full- WERE SENTENCED LIFE
blown conspiracy involving not only IMPRISONMENT while members of
the native army but also included the native clergy headed by the
residents of Cavite and Manila, and GOMBURZA WERE EXECUTED BY
more importantly the native clergy GARROTE.
to overthrow the Spanish
government in the Philippines.

Because of the FRIARS fear of losing their influence, they TOOK THE
PRIVELEGE OF THE INCIDENT TO ACCUSE AND REPORT IT TO THE
SPANISH GOVERMENT as a vast conspiracy organized throughout the
archipelago with the object of destroying Spanish sovereignty. And sadly,
MADRID BELIEVED IT.
BIOGRAPHY
Jose Montero y Vidal
o Born on January 28, 1851
o Born in Andalusian town of Gergal
o Went to Madrid to study Law
o Government official residing in Manila in 1872
o Civil Governor in colonial provinces of the Spanish Empire in 1875
o Married Carolina Marin-Baldo Burgueros in Murcia & had 4 children

POLITICAL BACKGROUND
o The call for Secularization
o The fireworks celebration of Sampaloc
o Feast of San Sebastian
STRONG POINTS
Jose Montero y Vidal

On 20 January 1872, the district of Sampaloc celebrated the feast of the

Virgin of Loreto, unfortunately participants to the feast celebrated the
occasion with the usual fireworks displays. Allegedly, THOSE IN CAVITE
MISTOOK THE FIREWORKS AS THE SIGN FOR THE ATTACK, and just
like what was agreed upon, the 200-MEN CONTINGENT HEADED BY
SERGEANT LAMADRID LAUNCHED AN ATTACK TARGETING SPANISH
OFFICERS AT SIGHT AND SEIZED THE ARSENAL.
BIOGRAPHY
Rafael Izquierdo y Gutiérrez
o Born on September 30, 1820
o Born in Santander, Spain
o Died November 9, 1883 in Madrid, Spain
o Known for Governor-General of the Philippines from April 4, 1871 – January 8, 1873

POLITICAL BACKGROUND
o was a Spanish Military Officer, politician, and statesman.
o famous for his use of "Iron Fist" type of government
o was the Governor-General during the 1872 Cavite mutiny which led to execution of 41 of
themutineers,
including the GOMBURZA martyrs.
STRONG POINTS
Rafael Izquierdo y Gutiérrez
-BLAMING THE CAVITE MUTINY ON THE NATIVE CLERGY, SOME
LOCAL RESIDENTS, INTELLECTUALS, AND EVEN EL ECO FILIPINO (a
Madrid based reformist newspaper) Significantly he calls the military mutiny
an "INSURRECTION", an "UPRISING", and a "REVOLUTION".

"THIS UPRISING HAS ROOTS, and with them were affiliated to a great
extent the regiments of infantry and artillery, many civilians and large
number of mestizos, indios and some illustrados from the provinces".

"From the summary of information received that is , from the declaration

made before the fiscal. It seems definite that the INSURRECTION WAS
MOTIVATED AND PREPARED by the native clergy, by the mestizos and the
native lawyers (abogadillos). Some are the residents of manila, others from
Cavite, and some from the nearby provinces".
 DISCREPANCIES
TRINIDAD PARDO DE RAFAEL IZQUIERDO Y
JOSE MONTERO Y VIDAL TAVERA GUTIÉRREZ

1. Permanent War Council immediately 1. A lot of errors. A. Viewed the mutiny from a wider
conducted investigation perspective
2. The mutineers were actually
2. Spanish hit Zamora because of his relation disgruntled arsenal workers who B. Found its explanation in the
with Burgos, and had conflict once with the were exempted from tribute. chronic malaises and discontent
friars at Church. within the colony.
3. Conservatives in Manila
3. Investigation: Burgos’ name was brought up
viewed the incident as a plot by C. Many were involved in the mutiny
several times in the interrogation.
anti-friar groups. 1. native clergy
4. Longest and closest in time to the events of 2. lawyers
the mutiny. 3. gente de curio
5. Considered “official version” 4. marino sutil
6. A Tagalog girl who betrayed the secret of 5. Filipinos
the mutiny to save a Spanish soldier she loved 6. foreigners

7. Cavite was part of a larger revolution D. Insisted that government neglect

planned by Burgos, Gomez and Vidal had contributed to the worsening
situation
 STAND

 By discussing the four different accounts of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny, Our group found
Jose Y Vidal's account reliable. For he documented what happened On January 20,
1872 without any biased.
 Also his strong point was also stated in Vidal's and Izquierdo's account. The data that
"the incident was an attempt of the indios to overthrow the Spanish government in the
Philippines" is consistently discussed in other accounts.
 Another thing, what he stated in his account are relevant with other scholars and
other sources that we checked. So our group's stand is Jose Y Vidal's account one of
these is the feast of Virgin Loreto celebrated in the district of Sampaloc.