METEOROLGY SEMINAR:

TOPIC:
MEASUREMENT OF SOLAR
RADIATION AND SUN SHINE
HOURS

by:
R.Siddharth[15212037]
Bsc.agriculture
 MEASUREMENT OF SOLAR RADIATION
• Sun emits it's energy in the form of
elaectromagnetic energy,the spectrum ranges
from U.V-I.R
• 99% of solar radiation lies in shortwavelength
ranging from 0.15-4 10-6m
contributes: 9% in U.V,45% in visible &I.R
• TEMPERATURE EQUILLIBRIUM [reradiation in
I.R 4-80micro called long wave radiation]
• UNITS:
watts per square meter[W/m2] =1.433cal/cm2/min
Joules per square meter[J/m2] =23.89cal/m2
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
 INSTRUMENT RADIATION MEASURED
• Sunshine recorder - duration of bright sunshine
• Pyranometer - total global radiation
• Pyrheliometer - solar radiation
• Pyrgeometer - long-wave radiation
• Net radiometer - net radiation flux
• Quantum sensor - photosynthetically active
radiation 0.4-0.7 micro metre range
 SUNSHINE
RECORDER:
• To measure the
DURATION of
BRIGHTsunshine at
a given location

eg:
• Campbell-stokes sun
shine recorder
• Jordan sunshine
recorder
definition sunshine duration:
2003,WMO defined as period during which
solar irradiance exceeds a value of
120watts per sqmeter
i.e level of solar irradiance shortly before
sunrise and after sun set under cloud free
conditions
i.e period of sunlight reaching the earths
surface directly from sun
ADVANTAGES:
1.It has no moving parts
2.It requires no electric power to work
DISADVANTAGE:
1)It is quantitative
2)Needs daily replacing of photosensitive
strips
3)Observation may vary among observers
SEEBECK EFFECT
PYRRHELIOMETER:
ANGSTROM'S PYRGEOMETER:
It is similar to pyranometer except it
measures the infrared raditions at
night in absence of solar radiation
It consists of two pairs of manganin strips
Both pairs receive same amt of radiation
but one pair which is blackened cools
rapidly than the which is polished
Thermocouples attached to strips nullify
temperature diff. by heating
Thus,strength of heating prop to IR
radiation received
NET RADIOMETER:
It consists of
pyranometers and
pyrgeomeers
It measures the
difference between
incoming and
outgoing radiation
 QUANTUM SENSOR

• It records
photosyntetically
active radiation
• It ranges between 4-7
angstrom
• it is connected to an
integrator which
displays the result