DAVID

TOMINES JR
LAW OF
COSINES
AND IT’S
APPLICATION
 LAW OF COSINES

The following cases are considered when

using COSINE LAW in solving oblique triangle.

• (SSS Case) Side - b c - Side

Three sides
a - Side

c - Side
• (SAS Case) Two
sides and their
included angle B - Angle
a - Side
 LAW OF COSINES

Properties of
Cosine Law

“The square of the

a  b  c  2bc cos A
2 2 2
length of one side
is equal to the sum

?
b 2  a 2  c 2  2ac cos B of the squares of the
other two sides
c 2  a 2  b 2  2ab cos C minus the product
of twice the two
sides and the cosine
of the angle
The properties of the between them.”
Cosines Law states that:
 LAW OF COSINES

Standard Form Alternative Form

cos A  b  c  a
2 2 2
a 2  b 2  c 2  2bc cos A
2bc
cos B  a  c  b
2 2 2
b 2  a 2  c 2  2ac cos B 2ac
cos C  a  b  c
2 2 2
c 2  a 2  b 2  2ab cos C 2ab
 LAW OF COSINES
Example 1: SSS Case
Find the missing angles of the triangle.
Alternative Form
𝒃𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐
Formula: 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑨 =
B 𝟐𝒃𝒄
12
3 𝟏𝟒𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐
=
𝟐(𝟏𝟒)(𝟏𝟐)
C 9.90 A
14 𝟏𝟗𝟔 + 𝟏𝟒𝟒 − 𝟗
=
𝟑𝟑𝟔
𝟑𝟒𝟎 − 𝟗
=
𝟑𝟑𝟔
𝟑𝟑𝟏
Find the angle A. =
𝟑𝟑𝟔
𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟓𝟏
𝑨 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 (𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟓𝟏)
A= 𝟗. 𝟗𝟎°
SOLUTION
 LAW OF COSINES
Example 1: SSS Case
Find the missing angles of the triangle.
Alternative Form
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
Formula: 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑪 = 𝒂 + 𝒃 − 𝒄
B 𝟐𝒂𝒃
12
3 𝟑𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝟐 − 𝟏𝟐𝟐
=
C 43.43 9.90 A 𝟐 𝟑 (𝟏𝟒)
14 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟗𝟔 − 𝟏𝟒𝟒
=
𝟖𝟒
𝟐𝟎𝟓 − 𝟏𝟒𝟒
=
𝟖𝟒
𝟔𝟏
Find the angle C. =
𝟖𝟒
𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟐𝟔𝟐
𝑪 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 (𝟎. 𝟕𝟐𝟔𝟐)
𝑪 = 𝟒𝟑. 𝟒𝟑°
SOLUTION
 LAW OF COSINES
Example 1: SSS Case
Find the missing angles of the triangle.

B Formula: < 𝐀 +< 𝑩+ < 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

126.67 12
3
𝟗. 𝟗𝟎° +< 𝑩 + 𝟒𝟑. 𝟒𝟑° = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
C 43.43 9.90 A
14 < 𝑩 + 𝟓𝟑. 𝟑𝟑° = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

< 𝑩 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟓𝟑. 𝟑𝟑°

< 𝑩 = 𝟏𝟐𝟔. 𝟔𝟕°

Find the angle B.

SOLUTION
 LAW OF COSINES
Example 2: SAS Case
Find the other parts of the triangle.
Alternative Form
C 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝒂𝟐
Formula: 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑨 =
𝟐𝒃𝒄
5
𝟔. 𝟕𝟖𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟐 − 𝟓𝟐
=
𝟐(𝟔. 𝟕𝟖)(𝟏𝟎)
38 26.86
B A 𝟒𝟓. 𝟗𝟕 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝟐𝟓
10 =
𝟏𝟑𝟓. 𝟔𝟎
𝟏𝟒𝟓. 𝟗𝟕 − 𝟐𝟓
=
𝟏𝟑𝟓. 𝟔𝟎
𝟏𝟐𝟎. 𝟗𝟕
Find the angle A. =
𝟏𝟑𝟓. 𝟔𝟎
𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟗𝟐𝟏
𝑨 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔−𝟏 (𝟎. 𝟖𝟗𝟐𝟏)
A= 𝟐𝟔. 𝟖𝟔°
SOLUTION
 LAW OF COSINES
Example 2: SAS Case
Find the other parts of the triangle.

C
Standard Form
5 b = 𝟔. 𝟕𝟖
Formula: 𝒃𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒄 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝑩
38 𝒃𝟐 = 𝟓𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟐 − 𝟐(𝟓)(𝟏𝟎) 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟑𝟖°
B A
10 𝒃𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝟎. 𝟕𝟗)

𝒃𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓 − 𝟕𝟗
Find the side b. 𝒃𝟐 = 𝟒𝟔

b = 𝟔. 𝟕𝟖

SOLUTION
 LAW OF COSINES
Example 2: SAS Case
Find the other parts of the triangle.

115.14 b = 𝟔. 𝟕𝟖
5 Formula: < 𝐀 +< 𝑩+ < 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

38 26.86 𝟐𝟔. 𝟖𝟔° + 𝟑𝟖°+< 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°

B A
10 < 𝑪 + 𝟔𝟒. 𝟖𝟔° = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
< 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟔𝟒. 𝟖𝟔°

< 𝑪 = 𝟏𝟏𝟓. 𝟏𝟒°

Find the angle C.

SOLUTION
 LAW OF COSINES

PROBLEM:

Supposed that Lavoiser section will

enter from the gate (A) , they walk 350m
going to the room of Jacinto to take their
last examination in Mathematics (B) and
after that, Madam Plares invited them to
attend the program in the social hall (C)
and they walk at a distance of 350m . The
included angle is 80°. How far is the Lavoiser
section on the gate they started ?
 LAW OF COSINES

Direction: Solve for the remaining parts of the triangles.

f = 20.3 m

L 20.3 m
E

19.3 m E
V
 Assignment

Direction: Find the missing parts of the triangles.

a.) b.)

12 m
18 m

24 m
THANK YOU !!!!!!