Final year project

Presentation
Mobile location estimation in a GSM Network
using signal strength
BY
ALTAF MUHAMMAD
(FA05-BEE-124)

TAIMUR ALI
(FAO6-BEE-037)

MUHAMMAD BILAL
(FAO6-BEE-055)
SUPERVISION

MADAM HIFZA ALI

PRESENTATION OVERVIEW

 Introduction to gsm networks

 Location estimation

 Research methodology

 Conclusion
GSM NETWORKS

 Gsm

 System architecture
EXISTING TECNIQUES FOR LOCATION
ESTIMATION

Network based estimation.

Hand-set based estimation.

TECHNIQUES USED IN THIS PROJECT

 Using signal strength

 Using cell id
 Relation Between Signal Strength and
Distance

 Inversely Proportional
 Signal Strength α 1/r
 Signal Strength Values Range
-47………………..-110
 Maximum near the BTS and falls as distance from the BTS
increases.
 
Relation Between Signal Strength and
Distance
Collaboration with mobile company

 Mobilink Pakistan.( An orascom telecom company).

 Selection of location. sector I-9,I-10 Islamabad urban areas).

TEST AREA

 The test area that was selected for this project was the sectors F-
10, I-10 and I-9 of the capital city Islamabad.

 The application has to be developed for a GSM network laid by

one of the renown mobile companies of Pakistan.

 The TEMS software was used for data extraction

 CONSTRAINTS

 The data was collected along the roads only in the test area.

 The signal strength of the serving and five of neighboring cells

were considered for MS location estimation.

 The data was collected via drive tests in the selected area
Location Update
HLR
(5 (4
) )
(3
(6
VLR MSC ) MSC VLR
)
(2
)

Mobile
(1 Switching
) Center
NO OBSTACLE SCENARIO

 Ideal Situation for Signal Strength propagation.

 Usually in Rural Areas.
 No Tall Buildings as Obstacle.
 Uniform Signal Strength Distribution Across Distance from
BTS.
LOCATION ESTIMATION IN OBSTACLE SCENARIO
 LOCATION ESTIMATION IN NO OBSTACLE
SCENARIO

 Signal strengths are plotted across distance for repeated set of

readings.

 The behavior of the signal was found to be consistent under

ideal environment.

 The area surrounding each BTS shows a consistent pattern of

signal strength.
MEASURING SIGNAL STRENGTH
MEASURING SIGNAL STRENGTH
 SIGNAL STRENGTH READINGS
signal strength RXLEV dbs dbs dbs dbs dbs dbs dbs dbs dbs dbs

BTS 1 -62 -60 -58 -64 -69 -70 -72 -74 -75 -79

BTS 2 -70 -68 -66 -71 -75 -74 -73 -73 -72 -76

BTS 3 -87 -86 -85 -82 -78 -79 -82 -73 -75 -80

BTS 4 -88 -87 -86 -82 -79 -83 -84 -86 -81 -85

BTS 5 -76 -79 -82 -77 -74 -76 -80 -84 -86 -79

BTS 6 -82 -76 -72 -76 -79 -80 -82 -84 -86 -78

minimum interval b/w min.int b/w

ALA ALA 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
CORRELATION BASED METHOD

 Cross correlation method is used to find the MS location

estimation in the obstacle scenario using signal strength.

 The signal strength vector from the MS is cross correlated

with the signal strength values in the database.
CORRELATION BASED METHOD

 Each signal strength value in the test matrix is related to the

set of signal strength values of all the BTS’s corresponding
across distance.

 The point giving maximum correlation factor value gives the

estimated location of the MS.
CROSS CORRELATION
 REFRENCES

 GSM ,CDMA ONE and 3G systems by Raymond Steele,

chin chun lee,pater gould.
 Mobile communication by jochen schillar
 Cellular communication explained by Ian Poole.
 Keith Fogarty2, Conor Brennan2, Noel E.
O’Connor1.Centre for Sensor Technologies, 2RF
Modeling and Simulation Group
Dublin City University, Ireland
Questions