RAJEEV GANDHI MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY AUTONOMOUS

SEMINOR ON BASALT ROCK FIBRE

Under the Esteemed Guidance of B.BHAVANI M.TECH

PREPARED BY

G.SRAVAN KUMAR CHOWDARY

(16095A0130)
 LIST OF CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION

 PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBRE

 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

 PRODUCTS OF BASALT FIBRE

 FIELDS OF APPLICATIONS OF BASALT FIBRE

 ADVANTAGES

 DISADVANTAGES

 CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION:

 Basalt fibre is an igneous rock formed from frozen lava. It occupies 1/3 of
earth’s crust. Plentiful in Michigan’s upper peninsula. In India it occurs in
deccan traps .

 It is a material made from extremely fine fibers of basalt, which is composed

of the minerals plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine.
 PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBRE:

S.NO PROPERTY VALUES (PROVIDED BY SUPPLIERS)

1 Density 2700 kg/m

2 Length 6mm

3 Melting point

 Thermal resistance

 Mechanical strength

 Chemical resistance

 Ecological friendliness
 THERMAL RESISTANCE

• Basalt fibre has excellent thermal properties to that of glass fibres. It can
easily withstand the temperature of 12000˚C to 13000˚C for hours
continuously without any physical change.

• Unstressed basalt fibers and fabrics maintain their integrity even up to 12500
˚C , which makes them superior.

 MECHANICAL STRENGTH

• Basalt fibre has tensile strength 3000-4840 M pa, which is higher than E-glass
fibre. It has higher stiffness and strength than E-glass fiber.

• It has a specific gravity of 2.6-2.8 g/cc than other fibres.

 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

• Basalt fibre have very good resistance against alkaline environment with the
capability to withstand pH up to 13-14.

• It also has good acid and salt resistance.

 ECOLOGICAL FRIENDLINESS

• Basalt fibres have natural raw material which is basalt rock it does not cause any
damage to health.

• Basalt fibre has no biological hazards and solves waste disposal problems.

• It does not clog incinerator as glass and hence it is incinerator friendly.

BASALT SOURCES FOR FIBER PRODUCTION

 Temperature history and rate of cooling of lava .

 Slow cooling results in segregation and precipitation .

 Weathering and oxidation over-time .

 Chemical characteristics and uniformity of basalt quarry are essential for good
fibers.

 Manufacturing should be close to suitable basalt quarries and inexpensive energy.

 MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF BASALT FIBRE

Quarried basalt rock is first crushed, then washed and moved into
melting baths in gas-heated furnaces under temperature of 1460-1500 °C.

Here, the process is simpler than glass fiber processing because the
basalt fiber has a less complex composition.

Molten basalt flows from furnace through a platinum-rhodium bushing

with 200, 400 ,800 or more holes and the fibers can be drawn from the melt
under hydrostatic pressure

A sizing is applied to the surface of the fibers by a sizing applicator to

impart strand integrity, lubricity, and resin compatibility.
 PRODUCTS OF BASALT FIBER
 Basalt continuous fibers

1. Basalt plastic pipes

2. Basalt super thin fibers

3. Basalt roving

 BASALT CONTINUOUS FIBERS

• Basalt Continuous Fiber (BCF) is a raw material for the production of various
types of materials & products.

• APPLICATIONS Reinforcing material for concrete & asphalt, concrete

covering for roads, airport runways & taxiways. Filters for industrial &
residential waste waters, filters for smoke & dust emissions of industrial
enterprises. Reinforcing nets for construction.
 APPLICATIONS :

• Reinforcing material for concrete & asphalt, concrete covering for roads, airport
runways & taxiways.

• Filters for industrial & residential waste waters, filters for smoke & dust emissions
of industrial enterprises.

• Reinforcing nets for construction.

 BASALT PLASTIC PIPES

• Basalt fiber composite pipes are obtained by winding basalt threads, fabrics,
prepegs impregnated with a binder.

• These pipes are useful as components for shafts linings, building components,
for transporting corrosive liquids and gases in the construction, industrial,
agricultural and public services sectors.
BASALT SUPER THIN FIBERS

 It has good heat-insulation qualities.

 The material is absolutely nonflammable, it has high thermo durability.

 High chemical durability towards water, salt solutions, alkali and acids.

APPLICATIONS :

 Fireproof materials of fire protection systems .

 Heat and sound insulation material for the manufacture of automobile

mufflers, gaskets, insulation screens, plastics, composites.
 BASALT ROVING

 Basalt roving is bundle of continuous mono directional complex basalt

fibers.

 Roving possesses high natural strength, resistance to aggressive

environments, long service life and excellent electric insulating
properties.

 APPLICATIONS:

 Filament winding of pipes, tanks and cylinders .

 Reinforced plastics.
 FIELDS OF APPLICATIONS

1. CONSTRUCTION:

• Reinforcement of bridges, tunnels.

• Internal waste pipes

• Repair of cracks, local damage to buildings & bridges.

2. PETRO CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES:

• Chemical & wear proof coverings of tanks

• Pipelines, oil pipelines.

• Nonflammable coverings & composite materials.

3. AGRICULTURE:

 Land drainage pipes, pipes for irrigation and hosing.

4. MACHINE BUILDING:

 Parts or blocks of machines operating under high

temperatures or gas stream, For example the heat shield for a
re-entering space vehicle.

5. ENGINEERING NETWORKS:

 Oil and gas pipelines, pipes for chemical products and

transportation of aggressive media.

High efficient seals & linings for pipelines.

 ADVANTAGES OF BASALT FIBER

 Basalt fibers show 15-20% higher tensile strength and modulus.

 Better chemical resistance.

 Extended operating temperature range.

 Better environmental friendliness.

 Recyclability.

 The processing of basalt fibers does not require special equipment or

technologies.
 DISADVANTAGES OF BASALT FIBER

 The price of fibers made from basalt is higher than those made of E-glass.

 The American Concrete Institute, Canadian Association, International

Federation for Structural Concrete and other internationally recognized
engineering code authorities have not provided specific design guidance for
its use.
 CONCLUSIONS

1. Basalt fibers have excellent set of properties like

• Chemical

• Thermal

• Mechanical

• environmental

2. It can replace glass in large part is wide aerospace, petrochemical, automative

and other areas therefore basalt fiber is known as 21st century “SILK
VOLCANIC CHANGE”.

As a result of its characteristics and properties, basalt

fiber can be really considered as the material of “OUR FUTURE
FOR A GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”.