The Creation of Adam by Michaelangelo

RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE

ITALY

Prepared by
Maria Vicenta D. Sanchez, M.S. Arch.
The renaissance in Italy geographically includes the 3 great cities of Florence, Rome and Venice.

Attributes of Italian Renaissance:

• Stateliness
• Classical horizontality
CHARACTERISTICS OF
ITALIAN RENAISSANCE

1. Plan
• symmetrical
• compact
• rectilinear
• formal
• grand

2. Walls
• rusticated
• astylar

Stone materials are:

• pietra forte (exterior)
• pietra serena (interior)
 3. Arcades have arches supported on piers
faced with columns.

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 4. Low-pitched roofs are hidden by balustrades.

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5. Domes are crowned with lanterns.

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 6. Coffered ceilings

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7. Pilaster strips
 FLORENCE

EARLY RENAISSANCE
 Wealthy Florentines flaunted their money and power by becoming
patrons of artists and intellectuals.

Their appreciation of physical beauty and on man’s own

achievements and expression formed the governing intellectual
principle of the Italian Renaissance called “humanism”.

The Medici family dominated Renaissance Florence’s political and

cultural life. Their patronage of the arts turned Florence into a
leading center of the Renaissance in Europe.

Artists focused on their work without having to worry about money.

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DOME of FLORENCE CATHEDRAL(1296-1462)

• designed by Filippo Brunelleschi

• lantern was completed by Michellozzo Michellozzi

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 DOME of FLORENCE CATHEDRAL(1296-1462)

• blend of Gothic building and Renaissance dome

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Brunelleschi employed a double shell of sandstone
and marble.

Brunelleschi built the dome with bricks (being

lightweight) and with no use of scaffoldings.

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Brunellischi used the herringbone pattern
for the bricks in building the outer dome to
give the dome additional solidity.

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Florence Cathedral dome is the
largest brick dome ever constructed.
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STO. SPIRITO (1444)
• begun by Brunelleschi and finished by Antonio Manetti
• façade was left unfinished after Brunelleschi’s death in 1446

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STO. SPIRITO

The interior is Brunelleschi’s best version of Renaissance

design, showing a linear space in a perfect sense of proportion.
 BASILICA OF SAN LORENZO (1418)

• church and burial place of the Medici’s

who funded its construction
• designed by Filippo Brunelleschi

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 Plan
Plan

San Lorenzo’s interior bears Brunelleschi’s trademark

organized geometry and calculated proportion.
S. MARIA NOVELLA (1279)
• façade by Leon Battista Alberti, 1470
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S. MARIA NOVELLA
• flanking scrolls were used to connect the
aisles and nave

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PALAZZO PITTI (1446)
• owned by Luca Pitti and bought by the Medici family in 1549
• astylar and the largest palace in Italy

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PALAZZO PITTI cortile and its gardens
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PALAZZO MEDICI RICCARDI (1445)
• by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo
• faced in rusticated stone (pietra forte)
 PALAZZO RICCARDI exterior wall details of pietra forte

• rusticated blocks became a status symbol as the materials were costly and rare
• artists often leave their marks or graffiti on the stones, taking pride of their
participation in the building of this structure
Galleria di Luca Giordano inside Palazzo Medici Riccardi
is a pompous example of late Baroque art.

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 PALAZZO STROZZI (1489)
• by Benedetto da Majano and finished by Cronaca
• the windows are its attractive features

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PALAZZO RUCELLAI (1446)
• by Leon Battista Alberti and finished by Bernardo Rossellino
• the first astylar building of the Renaissance

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 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO (1485)
• by Giuliano da Sangallo
• UNESCO World Heritage, 2013
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FOUNDLING HOSPITAL (Ospedale Degli Inocenti) 1419

• by Filippo Brunelleschi is a notable example of early Italian Renaissance
• was the first of its kind in Europe to care for the abandoned babies
FLORENCE

HIGH RENAISSANCE/
PROTO-BAROQUE
 PALAZZO PANDOLFINI (1514)
• by Raphael Santi

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 PALAZZO PANDOLFINI
• rusticated quoins and high renaissance
tabernacle windows

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The UFFIZI (1560)
• begun by Giorgio Vasari for Cosimo de' Medici for the offices of the
Florentine magistrates, hence the name uffizi, "offices"
Uffizi Courtyard
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The UFFIZI
• one of the best museums in the world opened in 1765
• home to the world’s greatest collection of Italian Renaissance art donated by the
Medici family with the agreement that these should not leave Florence

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The works of Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli, Caravaggio,
Rembrandt, Fra Angelico, Raphael, El Greco, Durer, Rubens, etc. are
some of the treasured pieces.
 Michelangelo’s Tondo Doni

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