DISTANCE LANGUAGE

EDUCATION
WHAT IS DISTANCE EDUCATION

• Distance education or distance learning is the education of

students who may not always be physically present at a school.
Courses that are conducted (51 percent or more) are either
hybrid, blended or 100% whole instruction.
• Massive open online courses (MOOCs), offering large-scale
interactive participation and open access through the World Wide
Web or other network technologies, are recent developments in
distance education.
• A number of other terms (distributed learning, e-learning, online
learning, etc.) are used roughly synonymously with DISTANCE
EDUCATION.
HISTORY

• The foundations of Distance Education can be traced

back to the late 1800's. One of the first forms of distance
education was correspondence course study. Sir Issac
Pittman founded Sir Isaac Pitman's Correspondence
Colleges in England in the mid 1840s. Correspondence
courses took advantage of the then new rural free
delivery of mail to deliver course material to students.
Students worked independently on course material and
interaction between faculty and students was limited to one-
way communications.

Within a few decades, correspondence courses were

developed in Germany, Canada, Australia, the Soviet Union,
Japan, and the United States (Matthews, 1999).
 William Rainey Harper (1856-1906) was an early pioneer
in both education and distance education in the United
States. He is known for helping establish the first college-
level correspondence courses by mail while serving as the
first president of the University of Chicago.

He implemented an extension program at the University of

Chicago creating the world's first university distance
education program. Rainey was an outspoken advocate of
correspondence study and predicted that some day
correspondence students will far outnumber classroom
students (Simonson).
FIRST GENERATION (1850s – 1960 )
PRINT
RADIO
TELEVISION
SECOND GENERATION ( 1960 - 1985 )
AUDIOCASSETTE
VIDEOCASSETTE
FAX
THIRD GENERATION ( 1985-1995 )
COMPUTER
FOURTH GENERATION
DESKTOP VIDEOCONFERENCING
WEB MEDIA
Instructional radio and television are called one-way
communication device.In the first generation,
broadcasting radio and television are used functionally
aside from printed materials.

Then started two- way communicational audio and

inteactive period. With two-way audio and video between
teachers and students these emerging technologies,
educators are able to include more interaction in
educating at a distance.
Instructional radio and television are called one-way
communication device.In the first generation,
broadcasting radio and television are used functionally
aside from printed materials.

Then started two- way communicational audio and

inteactive period. With two-way audio and video between
teachers and students these emerging technologies,
educators are able to include more interaction in
educating at a distance.
FIBER OPTIC
SATELLITE
TYPES OF DISTANCE LEARNING

1. Synchronous :
Synchronous means that the teacher and the student
interact with each other in "real time." For example, with
two-way videoconferences, students interact with "live"
video of an instructor. Less complex technologies, such as
telephone conversations, are also synchronous.
SYNCHRONOUS MODEL
TYPES OF DISTANCE LEARNING

2. Asynchronous :
In this case, the teacher may deliver the instruction via
video, computer, or other means, and the students
respond at a later time. For example, instruction may be
delivered via the Web or videotapes, and the feedback
could be sent via e-mail messages
ASYNCHRONOUS
TYPES OF DISTANCE LEARNING

3. Computer Based Distance Learning :

Computer based learning; here the students are required
to assemble in a computer lab or in a classroom at a fixed
time.
COMPUTER BASED DISTANCE LEARNING
TYPES OF DISTANCE LEARNING

4. Fixed Time Online Courses :

In these courses the students are required to log-in to
their online accounts at a specified time. Such courses are
the most common form of distance learning. Although they
are absolutely online, but live chats are a regular part of
the course.
TYPES OF DISTANCE LEARNING

5. Open Schedule Online Courses :

This type of online courses gives you the maximum
freedom. The students are provided with mailing lists,
email, Internet-based textbooks and bulletin boards to
finish their assignments. At the beginning of course, the
student are provided with a schedule, but are allowed to
work at their own velocity as long as the students stick to
the schedule.
ADVANTAGES

1. Provides for an increase in Access to education for

those who otherwise have no other opportunities due
to work, family or physical limitations.

2. Provides for a modality of instruction better suited for

certain learners.

3. Greater flexibility for scheduling learning-Students can

determine time and place of "class time"
4. Greater flexibility in location for study-Students can engage
course at home or work or on campus or at a library.

5. Distance Education is Learner Centred -DE places

responsibility for learning with the learner who must be more
active and self directed.

6. Facilitates greater learner-instructor interaction.

7. It doesn't matter where you live – you can gain a degree

from anywhere in the world..

8. Facilitates Educational Development-Individual Instructor

Development.
9. A distance learning course often costs less than a full-
time degree. As with a full-time degree, students may find
that they gain useful, transferable skills, such as planning
and research.

10. Opportunity to develop technology competencies for

instructors and learners.

11. Access to global resources and experts via internet

communication and Internet resources.
12. Allows for the internationalization of learning
opportunities.

13. Centralized resources can produce higher quality materials

for distribution .

14. Has the potential to equalize access to education.

DISADVANTAGES
1.Time and frustration involved learning how to get on-line
for novices.

2.Lag time between student input and feedback -Time lapse

between need for learner support and resolution.

3.Occasional internet provider downtime.

4.Student must be more active and self-directed in learning

environment - Depends on individual motivation and
initiative.
5.Occasional feelings of isolation- Potentially less group
support for learners leading to isolation and possible non-
completion of program.

6.Instructional design for group activities and group

interaction more demanding on the instructor.

7.Demands large effort and cost to develop appropriate

materials.

8.Demands large effort to create and maintain the

technological infrastructure.

9.Distance Education is not for everyone.- It is not for

undisciplined learners nor inflexible instructors.
ATTITUDES TOWARDS DISTANCE LEARNING

1. Instructor must be properly trained and motivated to be

effective.
2. Instructor must have technological skills and confidence to
be truly effective in the electronic classroom.
3. Instructors must also change the manner in which
information is delivered.
4. The faculty must also be aware of getting instructional
materials, handouts, tests, and other class items to both
sites simultaneously.
5. Instructor must develop a sense of community between the
sites, achieve maximum participation , and get the
participants to buy into the process.
BLENDED LANGUAGE
EDUCATION
WHAT IS BLENDED EDUCATION?
BLENDED EDUCATION

Blended Education is an approach to education that

combines online education materials and opportunities for
interaction online with traditional place-based classroom
methods.
It requires the physical presence of both teacher and
student, with some elements of student control over time,
place, path, or place.
• BLENDED EDUCATION

• Blended was considered a combination of traditional face

to face modes of instruction with online modes of
learning, drawing on technology-mediated instruction,
where participants in the learning process are separated
by distance some of the time.

• Blended learning is sometimes used in the same breath as

personalized learning and differentiated instruction.
HISTORY

• 1960S – Technology based training emerged as an

alternative to instructor-led training on mainframes and
mini-computers.
• 1970s – Mainframe based trainings had a number of
interface limitations that gave way to satellite based live
video.
• 1990s – CD-ROMs emerged as a dominant form of
providing technology-based learning as bandwith through
56k modems.
MODELS
MODELS OF BLENDED EDUCATION
ADVANTAGES

1. More effective than purely face-to-face or purely

online classes.
2. Facilitates a simultaneous independent and
collaborative learning experience.
3. Blended learning has the potential to reduce
educational expenses.
4. Blended learning cite the opportunity for data
collection and customization of instruction and
assessment.
ADVANTAGES
5. Allows personalized education.
Some indicators to excellent blended learning programs
are:
a. Facilitating student learning.
b. Communicating ideas effectively.
c. Demonstrating an interest in learning.
d. Organizing effectively.
e. Showing respect for students.
f. Assessing progress fairly.
DISADVANTAGES
1. Strong dependence on technical resources or tools with
which the blended learning is delivered.
2. Difficulty in conducting group work.
3. Use of lecture recording technologies result in students
falling behind on the materials.
4. Providing effective feedback is more time consuming when
electronic media is used compared to traditional
assessments.
5. Access to network infrastructure.
THANK YOU!!!