SECTION 1: COMPOSITION

OF MATTER
Warm-up:
•Think of that air you are
breathing in right now.
•What are some components of air?
•Why might air be referred to as a
mixture?
Learning Goals
A.know what are solutions
B.differentiate homogeneous mixture
from heterogeneous mixture
C.present the data gathered in table
form to show the different properties
of common solutions
D.realize the importance of solutions in
day to day living
Matter
•Matter: anything that has mass
and takes up space
•All matter can be divided into
substances and mixtures.
Substances
•Substances: type of matter with
a fixed composition
•can be either elements or
compounds.
Elements
•Elements: substance built from
all atoms of the same identity;
cannot be broken down into
simpler parts
•Examples: Hydrogen (H), oxygen (O),
carbon (C)
Elements
•All elements are listed on the
periodic table.
•There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements.
•Approximately 20 have been made in
laboratories.
Compounds
•Compounds: substance in which
two or more atoms are
combined in a fixed proportion
Compounds
•Common examples: water (H2O)
or sugar (C6H12O6)
Mixtures
•Mixture: material made of two
or more substances that can be
separated by physical means
•Mixtures can be heterogeneous or
homogeneous
Heterogeneous Mixtures
•Heterogeneous mixture: a
mixture in which the different
materials can be distinguished
easily
Heterogeneous Mixtures
•Examples: salad, granite, dry soup
mix
Homogeneous Mixtures
•Homogeneous mixture:
contains two or more gaseous,
liquid, or solid substances
blended evenly throughout
•Examples: vinegar (acetic acid and
water), iced tea, fog, smoke
Homogenous Mixtures
•Homogeneous mixtures can be
described as solutions or colloids
Solutions
• Solution: homogeneous mixture with
particles so small that they cannot be
seen with a microscope and will never
settle to the bottom of the container
•Examples: lemonade, salt water
Solutions
• Made up of two parts:
• solute (what is dissolved)
• solvent (what does the dissolving)
Colloids
•Colloids: type of mixture with
particles that are larger than
those in solutions but are not
heavy enough to settle out
•Examples: paint, fog, smoke
Colloids
• Colloids are
detected using the
Tyndall effect
where you pass
light through the
substance. The
particles in the
colloid will scatter
the light.
Suspensions
•Some mixtures are neither
solutions nor colloids
•Suspension: heterogeneous
mixture containing a liquid in
which visible particles settle.
•Examples: pond water, Italian
dressing
Suspensions
Check-in:
•Why might it be easy to confuse
a compound and a
homogeneous mixture?