PHP Intro

What is PHP?
•PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext

Preprocessor"
•PHP is a widely-used, open source
scripting language
•PHP scripts are executed on the server
What is a PHP File?
•PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS,

JavaScript, and PHP code
•PHP code are executed on the server, and
the result is returned to the browser as plain
HTML
•PHP files have extension ".php"
What Can PHP Do?
•PHP can generate dynamic page content

•PHP can create, open, read, write, delete,
and close files on the server
•PHP can collect form data
•PHP can add, delete, modify data in your
database
•PHP can be used to control user-access
•PHP can encrypt data
With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output
images, PDF files, and even Flash movies.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>My first PHP

page</h1>
<?php
echo "Hello World!";
?>
</body>
</html>
Basic PHP Syntax
A PHP script can be placed anywhere in

the document.
A PHP script starts with <?php and ends

with ?>:
<?php
// PHP code goes here
?>
Comments in PHP
A comment in PHP code is a line that is not

read/executed as part of the program. Its
only purpose is to be read by someone who
is looking at the code.
-is the portion of a program that exists only

for the human reader and stripped out
before displaying the programs result.
There are two commenting formats in PHP:
1. Single-line comments - They are generally

used for short explanations or notes
relevant to the local code.
2. Multi-line comments
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php
// This is a single-line comment
# This is also a single-line comment
/*
This is a multiple-lines comment block
that spans over multiple
lines
*/
// You can also use comments to leave out parts of a code line
$x = 5 /* + 15 */ + 5;
echo $x;
?>
</body>
</html>
PHP Case Sensitivity
In PHP, all keywords (e.g. if, else, while, echo,

etc.), classes, functions, and user-defined
functions are NOT case-sensitive.
Next is the example of three echo statements

below are legal (and equal):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php
ECHO "Hello World! ";
echo "Hello World! ";
EcHo "Hello World! ";
?>
</body>
</html>
However; all variable names are case-

sensitive.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php
$color = "red";
echo "My car is " . $color . " ";
echo "My house is " . $COLOR
. " ";
echo "My boat is " . $coLOR . " ";
?>
</body>
</html>
PHP Variables
- Variables are "containers" for storing
information.
In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign,

followed by the name of the variable
<?php
$txt = "Hello world!";
$x = 5;
$y = 10.5;
echo $txt;
Echo “ ”;
Echo $x;
Echo “ ”;
Echo $y;
Echo “ ”;
?>
PHP Variables
A variable can have a short name (like x and
y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname,
total_volume).
Rules for PHP variables:
•A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by

the name of the variable
•A variable name must start with a letter or
the underscore character
•A variable name cannot start with a
number
•A variable name can only contain alpha-
numeric characters and underscores (A-z,
0-9, and _ )
•Variable names are case-sensitive ($age

and $AGE are two different variables)
Output Variables
The PHP echo statement is often used to

output data to the screen.
<?php
$txt = “Jh Cerilles State College";
echo "I love $txt!";
?>
PHP Variables Scope
In PHP, variables can be declared anywhere

in the script.
The scope of a variable is the part of the
script where the variable can be
referenced/used.
PHP has three different variable scopes:

local
Global
static
<?php
$x = 5; // global scope
function myTest() {
// using x inside this
function will generate an
error
echo "Variable x
inside function is: $x";
}
myTest();
echo "Variable x outside

function is: $x";
?>
<?php
function myTest() {
$x = 5; // local scope
echo "Variable x inside function
is: $x";
}
myTest();
// using x outside the function will

generate an error
echo "Variable x outside function is:
$x";
?>
PHP The global Keyword
<?php
$x = 5;
$y = 10;
function myTest() {
global $x, $y;
$y = $x + $y;
}
myTest();
echo $y; // outputs 15
?>
<?php
$x = 5;
$y = 10;
function myTest() {
$GLOBALS['y'] = $GLOBALS['x']
+ $GLOBALS['y'];
}
myTest();
echo $y; // outputs 15
?>
PHP The static Keyword
Normally, when a function is

completed/executed, all of its variables are
deleted. However, sometimes we want a local
variable NOT to be deleted. We need it for a
further job.
<?php
function myTest() {
static $x = 0;
echo $x;
$x++;
}
myTest();
Echo “ ”;
myTest();
Echo “ ”;
myTest();
?>
Questions?
1.What is the missing part of the code
below to out “Hello World”
_________
echo “Hello World”
2. What is the correct opening tag and
closing tag for PHP script.
<?php
______________
Echo “ This is PHP”;
?>
______________
3. Single-line comments in PHP can be
written using different prefixes, write on of
them.
// or #
4. What is the correct characters to write
a multi-line comment?
*/ This is a multi-line comment */

5. What is the special character that is use
to end a PHP statement.
;
In a yellow pad paper, write the code of the
ff;
1.Create a variable named txt and assign the

value “ (Your First Name)”.
2.Create a variable named x and one variable

y (where x and y is the initial of your first
name and last name), then use the echo
statement to output the sum of the two
variables.
3.Create a variables that has a global scope
and a local scope.

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What is PHP?

•PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext

•PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS,

•PHP can generate dynamic page content

<h1>My first PHP

A PHP script can be placed anywhere in

A PHP script starts with <?php and ends

A comment in PHP code is a line that is not

-is the portion of a program that exists only

1. Single-line comments - They are generally

# This is also a single-line comment

In PHP, all keywords (e.g. if, else, while, echo,

Next is the example of three echo statements

However; all variable names are case-

In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign,

Rules for PHP variables:

•A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by

•Variable names are case-sensitive ($age

The PHP echo statement is often used to

In PHP, variables can be declared anywhere

PHP has three different variable scopes:

echo "<p>Variable x outside

// using x outside the function will

Normally, when a function is

Echo “ This is PHP”;

*/ This is a multi-line comment */

1.Create a variable named txt and assign the

2.Create a variable named x and one variable

You might also like

/ This is a multi-line comment /