5 STAGES OF LITERACY DEVELOPMENT

1. Emergent Readers and Spellers

 The first stage of literacy development known as the “preliterate
phase” referring to people who have not been exposed to a
formal education in reading
 Typically, this stage lasts from birth until age 5

 During this stage, people are first exposed to letters and the
sounds they make. By the end of this stage, , peopke
arewriting some words repeatedly(like their name) but lack the
understanding of why words are spelled a certain way
2. Word Pattern Readers and Spellers
 This stage is marked by a change in how students read and spell.
Rather than taking words letter-by-letter, students now process
words by “chunking” them together
 Typically students are in this stage from about 7 to 10
 Students can spell most single- syllable words correctly and learn how
to use homophones which allows them to form a link between word
spelling and meaning
3. Syllables and Affixes
 This stage is also referred to as “intermediate readers and spellers”. Students
are expected to read and spell words of more than one syllable
 Most students in this stage are in the upper elementary and middle school
 Students master the different ways letters make a word sound. By the end,
students begin to see how a prefix and suffix change the meaning of words
4. Intermediate Readers and Spellers – coming soon
 Students are expected to read and write words of more then one syllable
 Students are able to read without assistance, and are beginning to understand
the importance of what is written. Reading comprehension improves in this
stage, and children will be able to understand the central thesis of a statement
and can put together several ideas to form the whole picture.
5. Advanced Readers and Spellers – coming soon
 Students have become accomplished teachers and are able to read
long novels and complex unfamiliar words
 Students read without assistance to comprehend stories

 As they grow, their interest in reading may wane, but their ability to
do so remains
LITERACY STRATEGIES

1.Making Connections and visualizing

 All readers make mental pictures, or visualizations, of the words they read. When readers
visualize the text , they are then able to understand elements of the story, such as plot, in
a deeper way
2. Questioning and Inferring
 All readers ask questions as they read. They wonder what will happen next, or what a
character is thinking, or when the story will shift. By asking questions, children engage with
the txt and become more deeply involved, which allows them to understand and
comprehend in a rich, powerful way.
 Inferring means figuring out something that the author doesn’t actually say. You can use
clues that are in the text, and things from your own mind. Sometimes it’s called “reading
between the lines,” and it adds a lot more meaning to the story
3. Determining Importance: Helping students recognize important points in context text
 This is a strategy that readers use to distinguish between what information in a text is
most important versus what information is interesting but not necessary for understanding
4. Determining Importance: Helping students recognize important points in context text
 This is a strategy that readers use to distinguish between what information in a text is
most important versus what information is interesting but not necessary for
understanding
5. Synthesizing
 This is when readers change their thinking as they read. They are working to put
together all of the strategies you have taught them to form thoughts, opinions and
conclusion
 Synthesizing can be difficult to teach because it involves so many pieces
 An example of synthesis is when you read several books and use all of the
information to come up with a thesis on the subject.