A PROJECT ON

“SOLAR AIR CONDITIONING”

Presented By:
AKASH KUMAR BEHERA - 1301109100
AMIYA KUMAR SAMAL - 1301109115
ASHUTOSH PATI - 1301109062
BANAMALI SAHU - 1301109043
KRUTARTHA KAIBALYA BARIK - 1301109053
MOTILAL MEHER - 1301109174
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PARALA MAHARAJA ENGG. COLLEGE
7th SEMESTER
Guided by :
Mr. KASHINATH DHAMUDIA (Asst. Professor)
CONTENTS
 OVERVIEW
 INTRODUCTION
 OBJECTIVE
 COMPONENTS
 LAYOUT
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVATAGES
 CONCERNS ABOUT SOLARAC
 CONCLUSION
OVERVIEW
 Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kinds of
work by human beings and nature.
 The energy demand is increasing day by day because of
increasing population, increasing industrialization and increasing
transportation etc.
 Day by day the energy consumption is increasing very rapidly.
Supply is depleting resulting in inflation and energy shortage.
This is called the energy crisis.
 Alternative or non-conventional or renewable energy resources
are very essential to develop for future energy requirements.
 INTRODUCTION
 Solar air conditioning refers to any air conditioning (cooling) system that
uses solar power.
 It may use Vapor Compression System, Solar Mechanical Refrigeration
System, Vapour Absorption System.
 Solar air conditioning might play an increasing role in zero-
energy and energy-plus buildings design.
 Air conditioning means the automatic control of an atmospheric
environment for comfort of human beings or industrial purposes.
 purposes is to supply sufficient volume of pure and clean air which
contains a specific amount of water vapour and at a temperature
maintaining a pre determined atmospheric conditions within a
selected enclosure.
 OBJECTIVE

 To make effective refrigeration by making use of Solar Energy.

 Minimize environmental impact and fuel cost.

 Pollution Free system.

 Refrigeration system having “Low Maintenance Cost ”.

 Refrigeration in areas not connected to power grid.

COMPONENTS

 SOLAR PANEL
 COMPRESSOR
 CONDENSER
 EXPANSION VALVE
 EVAPORATOR
 CONDENSER FAN
1. SOLAR EQUIPMENTS
The solar equipment’s consist of following elements;

I. Solar panel
II. Battery
III. Inverter
IV. Charge Controller
I- SOLAR PANEL
Solar panel refers either to a photovoltaic module, a
solar thermal energy panel, or a set of solar
photovoltaic (PV) modules electrically connected and
mounted on a supporting structure.
II- Battery
Battery store the electric power in the form of a
chemical reaction. Without storage you would only
have power when the sun is shining or the generator is
running. We need battery of 48V.
III- INVERTER

 The power inverter is the heart of the system. It

makes 220 volts AC from the 12 volts DC stored in
the batteries. It can also charge the batteries if
connected to a generator or the AC line.
IV- Charge controller
 To prevent the overcharging.
 Prevent the damage and increase
the life and performance of battery.
 Used in any solar power system.
 Blocks reverse current.
 It may also prevent battery over
discharge, protect from electrical
overload, and display battery status and flow
of power.
2. COMPRESSOR
Its function is to transfer and compress gas from the
low-pressure (intake) side of the ac system to the high
pressure (discharge) side of the closed system.
3. CONDENSER
 A device or unit used to condense a substance from its gaseous to
its liquid state.
 Application areas include air conditioning, , industrial chemical
processes such as distillation, steam power plants and other heat-
exchange systems.
4. EXPANSION VALVE
 Controls the amount of refrigerant flow into the evaporator .
 Cause a pressure drop (Isoenthalpic) of the working fluid.
 Causes sudden drop in temperature.
 Type of expansion valves used capillary type expansion
valve.
5. EVAPORATOR
 Absorption of heat from the surrounding.
 Heat transfer is done by forced convection or
natural convection.
 Application areas : food and beverage industry,
pharmaceutical industry.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
 It works on the principle to run air conditioner by
solar energy.
 Solar energy received from the sun is concentrated on
the solar panel to convert it into electric energy.
 It is connected to the battery to store the converted
electric energy in it.
 Then the battery is connected to the invertor and
invertor is connected to air conditioner.
 When the necessary connections are made the air
conditioner starts and gives desired cooling.
(DAYLIGHT ONLY SYSTEM)

(CONTINOUS SYSTEM)
LAYOUT OF SOLAR AC

(Schematic view of a conventional vapour

compression cycle used in SolarAC)
 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
 COMPRESSOR
Width = 12cm ,Depth = 22cm ,Height = 30cm
 EVAPORATOR COIL
Length = 35cm , Outer diameter= 0.175 cm ,
Material used: Copper
 CONDENSER
Length= 15 cm, Width= 8 cm, Height= 17 cm,
Number of turns= 28 ,Inner diameter = 0.4297 cm.
 EXPANSION VALVE
Length= 35 cm,Outer diameter=0.4297 cm.
ADVANTAGES
 Solar air conditioning provides a great package involving
benefits. Installation expenses can be reduced through tax
credits, deductions and also refunds.

 Solar energy may be the best way to obtain replenishable

power.

 It proves economical on long run.

 Solar energy causes very less pollution.

 Sunlight is totally free. There is of course the initial
investment for the equipment. After the initial capital
outlay you won’t be receiving a bill every month for
the rest of your life from the electric utility.
 Solar power can generate electricity no matter how
remote the area as long as the sun shines there. Even
in areas that are inaccessible to power cables solar
power can produce electricity.

 Solar power is used to charge batteries so that solar

powered devices can be used at night.
DISADVANTAGES
 Solar energy can only be harnessed when it is daytime.
 In cloudy conditions solar collector cannot work properly
as sun rays are not uniform.
 Solar collectors, panels and cells are relatively expensive
to manufacture.
 The batteries are large and heavy and need storage space.
They also need replacing from time to time.
Concerns about Solar AC
 Solar-powered chillers do offer reduced energy
consumption but will increase a home's water
consumption.
 By design, chillers need to be hooked up to a water line
or water storage tank.
 And no matter which style you prefer, a solar-powered
air conditioner unit is going to cost you.
 It's not as much as installing solar panels on your roof,
but compared to medium-sized conventional window air
conditioning units that typically sell in the hundreds of
rupees.
 FUTURE ASPECTS :
 A good solution for decreasing the demand of fossil fuels and removing
electricity peaks is to use thermal solarAC.
 Countries that have effective policies for solar thermal energy, such as
Greece, Cyprus and Israel, are today world leading in solar energy use.
 Solar energy supplies 3% of Israel’s primary energy. Germany, in which
solar energy only supplies 1% of the country’s primary energy.
 Countries like India, China, Japan, Indonesia are going to use this in near
future due to their hot humid weather condition.
 The educational institutions, furnace regions, metro cities, industrial areas,
universities and other locations can be selected for the establishment of
such energy centers where the waste heat can be easily available and can
be recycled after conversion to the same system.
 CONCLUSION

 Using Solar Energy as the power source of the system it is proved

to be feasible.

 Solar Energy being a renewable source of energy proved to be

efficient as compared to using electrical energy or steam at the
same place .
 With the flow of R410 through the system, we were able to use it as
an air conditioner and that too with the help of renewable and non-
polluting source of energy, i.e. , solar energy.