Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rift Valley University Abichu Campus Department of Pharmacy
Rift Valley University Abichu Campus Department of Pharmacy
ABICHU CAMPUS
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY
10/08/2019 1
PRESCRIPTION ANALYSIS OF
DRUGS DISPENSED IN SELAM FIRE
HEALTH CENTER, AKAKI KALITY
SUB-CITY, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA
USING WHO INDICATOR.
By: -
DAWIT SOLOMON
DESALEGN TEKA
YOHANNES GETACHEW
HAILEMICHAEL YIMENSHEWA
Under the supervisor of Mr. Solomon
G/Amanuel (Msc.) 10/08/2019 2
Outlines
10/08/2019 3
Introduction
Prescription analysis of drugs is criteria based
systematic method of evaluating the rational
use of drugs.
It can be done by assessing the prescriptions
pattern of socio-demographic characteristics,
the diagnosis, therapeutic regimen
recommendations, legality of the prescription
or prescribers identifiers and level of WHO
core prescribing indicators ,the rational use of
drugs is achieved when patients receive
medications appropriate to their clinical
needs: in doses that meet their own individual
10/08/2019 4
Statement of the Problem
The physician’s poor level of prescribing of
medications towards their patients
Antibiotics are misused and over-used in
world wide
Mostly patient demographics, instructions for
drug use and prescriber identifiers are missing
in the prescription
10/08/2019 5
Cont...
10/08/2019 6
Significance of the Study
To develop;
Their good prescribing practice (GPP),
Therapeutic knowledge by prescribing the
right drug for the right patient with
appropriate route of administration and
duration of treatment at lowest possible cost,
and
10/08/2019 7
Cont...
Provide information on the rational use of drugs
10/08/2019 11
Population
Source Population
The source population was all prescriptions at
the outpatient pharmacy of SFHC, dispensed
from July 23/2018 – October21/2018.
Study Population
Prescription papers selected by systematic
random sampling among prescription papers
in the pharmacy of SFHC dispensed for 3
10/08/2019 12
Selection criteria
Inclusion criteria
All registered prescriptions containing any
type of the medications.
Patients of all age group
Exclusion criteria
Those prescriptions containing drugs
which are not clear to read and
10/08/2019 13
Sample Size Determination and
Sampling Technique
The study was done using the statically formula to
determine sample size:-
n= (1.96)2 * pq
d2
Where,
Probability coefficient for desired interval [CI =
95%],
n- Is minimum sample size determine
p - Is proportion of prescriptions possessing
characteristics of interest /50% prevalence?
q - 1-p
d- Is margin of sampling error tolerated (5%).
n= (1.96)2* 0.5(1-0.5)
10/08/2019 = 384 14
Cont...
These 384 prescriptions were selected from the
total of 11,900 prescriptions dispensed during 3
months period. Before selection, the total
prescriptions in the pharmacy were counted to
determine interval for random selection (k).
Independent variables
◦ Age
◦ Sex
◦ Weight
◦ Diagnosis
10/08/2019 16
Data collection
Instruments
Data was collected from July 23/2018 to
October 21/2018 using data collection
format/checklist based on objective of the
research and accessories materials like tally
sheet, pen, pencil, calculator, binder.
Process
Data was collected from the prescriptions using
data collection format by the WHO. In addition
10/08/2019 17
Cont...
Calculation of indicators
The recommended WHO core indicators [5]
were calculated:
Mean number of drugs per encounter
Poly-pharmacy:-concomitant
use of three and more drugs
per prescription
10/08/2019 21
RESULTS
Socio-demographic characteristics
Out of 384 prescriptions taken from 11,900
prescriptions prescribed during the 3 months
period, 2 prescriptions were excluded per the
exclusion criteria; the remaining 382 prescriptions
were analyzed.
Name of patient were provided on each of the
prescriptions (100%)
Age and sex of patients were mentioned on 376
(98.4%) and 380 (99.5%) of the prescription
respectively Table 10/08/2019
1 22
Age composition
Among 382 prescriptions reviewed,
169 (45%) were prescribed for males and
Table
213 (55%) were prescribed for females. 2